CBSE CS

Class 10 CBSE Computer Applications Code 165 Kips Solutions

Chapter 1 :  Internet Basics

 

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

A …………… is a document commonly written in HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) that is hosted on the Internet.

  1. Domain
  2. Web page
  3. URL
  4. None of these

Answer

Web page

Reason — A web page is a document commonly written in HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) that is hosted on the Internet.

Question 2

Name the component that denotes the global address of the documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.

  1. Web Page
  2. Blog
  3. URL
  4. None of these

Answer

URL

Reason — The Uniform Resource Locator denotes the global address of web documents and web resources.

Question 3

Name the online platform that is an easy-to-create website, consisting of a signed and dated log of individual posting.

  1. Blog
  2. Website
  3. Domain
  4. None of these

Answer

Blog

Reason — Blog is an online platform that is an easy-to-create website, consisting of a signed and dated log of individual posting.

Question 4

Name the system that allows one to send and receive letters and attachments.

  1. Chat
  2. E-mail
  3. Web Portal
  4. None of these

Answer

E-mail

Reason — E-mail is an electronic messaging system that allows one to send and receive letters and attachments in real time.

Question 5

What is the name of character-based addressing system?

  1. DNS
  2. URL
  3. DSN
  4. None of these

Answer

DNS

Reason — Domain Name System is a character-based addressing system.

Question 6

Name the system that aids in managing the content of a website.

  1. CMS
  2. http
  3. https
  4. None of these

Answer

CMS

Reason — A Content Management System aids in managing the content of a website. It helps the author in creating, designing, and modifying the content of a website.

Question 7

The content of a web page is made up of …………… .

  1. Graphics
  2. Text
  3. Hypertext and Hyperlinks
  4. All of these

Answer

All of these

Reason — The content of a web page is made up of hypertext, hyperlinks, text and graphics.

Question 8

Which server is commonly used for hosting our websites or can be used for hosting files, images, games, and similar contents?

  1. Application Server
  2. Web Server
  3. Internet Server
  4. None of these

Answer

Web Server

Reason — A web server is commonly used for hosting our websites or can be used for hosting files, images, games, and similar contents.

Question 9

Which one of these is an extension of International organisations?

  1. .net
  2. .ins
  3. .int
  4. None of these

Answer

.int

Reason — .int is an extension of International organisations.

Question 10

The …………… is responsible for the right delivery of the data over the Internet.

  1. IP
  2. TCP
  3. FTP
  4. None of these

Answer

IP

Reason — The Internet Protocol (IP) is responsible for the right delivery of the data over the Internet.

Question 11

What is the last part of a URL called?

  1. Path
  2. Scheme
  3. Domain
  4. None of these

Answer

Path

Reason — Path is the last part of a URL which denotes the actual location of a web resource.

Question 12

HTTPS protocol encrypts the information or data using the …………… .

  1. Transport Layer Security
  2. Layer Security Transport
  3. Layer Transport Security
  4. None of these

Answer

Transport Layer Security

Reason — HTTPS protocol encrypts the information or data using the Transport Layer Security.

Question 13

Which one of these is an extension of information domain …………… .

  1. .net
  2. .info
  3. .ins
  4. .int

Answer

.info

Reason — .info is an extension of information domain.

Question 14

Full form of FTP is …………… .

  1. Fast Transfer Protocol
  2. File Transfer Protocol
  3. Full Transfer Protocol
  4. File Transit Protocol

Answer

File Transfer Protocol

Reason — Full form of FTP is File Transfer Protocol.

Question 15

HTML uses …………… tags.

  1. Pre defined
  2. User defined
  3. Both a and b
  4. All of these

Answer

Pre defined

Reason — HTML uses pre-defined tags.

Question 16

A software used to open web pages on the Internet is called a …………… .

  1. Surfer
  2. Portal
  3. Browser
  4. Provider

Answer

Browser

Reason — A software used to open web pages on the Internet is called a browser.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

A …………… of computers can consist of two or more computers that can connect and share information.

Answer

network of computers can consist of two or more computers that can connect and share information.

Question 2

WWW is an acronym for …………… .

Answer

WWW is an acronym for World Wide Web.

Question 3

The web uses the …………… protocol for the transfer of the web pages over the Internet.

Answer

The web uses the Hypertext Transfer protocol for the transfer of the web pages over the Internet.

Question 4

A person who uses the Internet uses a software known as a …………… to request for a document or a web page located on the web.

Answer

A person who uses the Internet uses a software known as a web browser to request for a document or a web page located on the web.

Question 5

A …………… is a program that runs on a machine and is meant to provide services to the machines (clients) connected to it.

Answer

server is a program that runs on a machine and is meant to provide services to the machines (clients) connected to it.

Question 6

A …………… is a computer system which uses a network to access a remote service from the server.

Answer

client is a computer system which uses a network to access a remote service from the server.

Question 7

A …………… is a type of server which is responsible for providing web content.

Answer

web server is a type of server which is responsible for providing web content.

Question 8

The …………… has designed a system to provide a unique address to each computer in the form of numbers or characters.

Answer

The ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) has designed a system to provide a unique address to each computer in the form of numbers or characters.

Question 9

…………… have all the elements of your website which may include images, documents, templates, and HTML files.

Answer

Site files have all the elements of your website which may include images, documents, templates, and HTML files.

Question 10

The rules, which determine how the data should be transferred over the networks, compressed, and presented on the screen, etc., are called …………… .

Answer

The rules, which determine how the data should be transferred over the networks, compressed, and presented on the screen, etc., are called protocol.

Question 11

…………… protocol is widely used for secure communication on the Internet.

Answer

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) protocol is widely used for secure communication on the Internet.

Question 12

…………… protocol determines how different programs exchange data over the Internet.

Answer

Hypertext Transfer protocol determines how different programs exchange data over the Internet.

Question 13

Usenet stands for …………… .

Answer

Usenet stands for User’s Network.

Question 14

A …………… is an online discussion forum where remotely connected users share and discuss a particular topic.

Answer

newsgroup is an online discussion forum where remotely connected users share and discuss a particular topic.

State True or False

Question 1

The Internet works independently of the World Wide Web.

Answer

True

Reason — The Internet is the overarching network infrastructure, while the World Wide Web is one of the many services that utilize the Internet for information and content delivery. They are related but distinct concepts, with the Internet serving as the foundation for various online services, including the World Wide Web (WWW).

Question 2

The Internet is administered by the HTTP.

Answer

False

Reason — The Internet is not administered by HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). HTTP is just one of the protocols used on the Internet, specifically for transmitting hypertext and multimedia content on the World Wide Web (WWW).

Question 3

A web page is a document commonly written in HTML.

Answer

True

Reason — HTML is the standard markup language used to create web pages and is used to structure the content of a web page, define its layout, and incorporate elements like text, images, links, and multimedia.

Question 4

A website is a collection of publicly accessible interlinked web pages.

Answer

True

Reason — A website is a collection of publicly accessible interlinked web pages, containing related information, hosted on a web server under a single domain name.

Question 5

The www denotes the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.

Answer

False

Reason — The Uniform Resource Locator denotes the global address of the documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.

Question 6

A web portal is an easy-to-create website, which consists of a signed and dated log of individual posting.

Answer

False

Reason — A blog is an easy-to-create website, which consists of a signed and dated log of individual posting.

Question 7

Dynamic content refers to web content that is generated based on the viewer’s request and preferences.

Answer

True

Reason — Dynamic content refers to web content that is generated based on the viewer’s request and preferences. The content will change if another user views it at the same time, or the same user views the web page at a different time.

Question 8

HTTP allows access to user files.

Answer

False

Reason — HTTP itself is not designed for direct access to user files. It is primarily used for transferring and displaying web pages.

Question 9

In HTTP, the information or data flows from server to browser in an encrypted form.

Answer

False

Reason — In HTTPS, the information or data flows from server to browser in an encrypted form.

Question 10

A blogger is someone who blogs or writes content for a blog.

Answer

True

Reason — Bloggers create and maintain blogs to share their thoughts, expertise, or interests with an online audience.

Question 11

Readers cannot add comments to a blogger’s postings.

Answer

False

Reason — The ability for readers to add comments is a common feature on many blogs, and it promotes interaction and engagement between the blogger and their audience.

Question 12

Micro-blogging is another category of blogs that comprises of short entries or updates about the routine tasks of an individual or a company.

Answer

True

Reason — In micro-blogging, the focus is on short and frequent updates about the routine tasks, thoughts, or activities of an individual or a company.

Answer in One Word or a Sentence

Question 1

Name the gateway to a wide range of Internet services.

Answer

Web Portal

Question 2

Which component of the URL tells the browser where the resource, i.e., the site is located on the Internet?

Answer

Host

Question 3

Which code contains instructions about the layout and structure of the web page?

Answer

Source Code

Question 4

Name any one language that is used for creating dynamic content.

Answer

PHP

Question 5

Name the basic unit of a website written in HTML and hosted on the Internet.

Answer

Web Page

Question 6

Name the type of the browser that is designed to render content in the form of pictures, audios, videos, animations, and texts.

Answer

GUI Browser

Question 7

Which type of browser demands low bandwidth for displaying content?

Answer

Text based Browser

Question 8

Name the protocol used by Usenet.

Answer

Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

Question 9

What are markup indicators often called?

Answer

Tags

Question 10

Which category of blogs is used by the professionals or companies to let their customers or clients know about their upcoming products and the progress being made on some projects?

Answer

Company blog

Question 11

Write full forms for the following:

a. ISP

b. HTML

Answer

a. ISP — Internet Service Provider

b. HTML — Hypertext Markup Language

Question 12

Name any two Internet protocols.

Answer

  1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
  2. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Theoretical Questions

Question 1

Discuss the components of a URL with an example.

Answer

The components of the URL are as follows:

  1. The Scheme — This is the first part of a web address, also known as the protocol identifier. It tells the Internet browser which protocol needs to be followed to access the address.
  2. The Host — The second part of the web address identifies the host. The host starts typically with “www”, which indicates the World Wide Web. This tells the browser where the resource, i.e., the site is located on the Internet.
  3. The Domain — A domain name follows the host. It is the unique name given to each website. The domain name consists of two parts — one is the name of the domain, and the other is the web (or domain) extension. A web extension tells the kind of organisation and the country it belongs to.
  4. The Path — This is the last part of the URL. The path tells the browser regarding the file to be used from the domain directory.

Let us consider an example URL — https://www.india.gov.in/india-glance/states-india

In the given example, the different components of a URL are as follows:

Scheme — https://
Host — www
Domain — india.gov.in
Path — india-glance/states-india

Question 2

What is Dynamic content?

Answer

Dynamic content refers to web content that is generated based on the viewer’s request and preferences. The content will change if another user views it at the same time, or the same user views the web page at a different time. It is appropriate for displaying user-specific information, e.g., shopping cart, or live information like news and weather updates.

Question 3

What is the difference between web portal and website?

Answer

The difference between web portal and website are as follows:

FeaturesWeb PortalWebsite
DefinitionA web portal is a gateway to a wide range of Internet services.A website is a collection of related web pages containing images, videos, or other digital media set under the same domain name.
AuthenticationIt requires authentication measures like login and provides information accordingly. For example, gmail.com and rediffmail.comNo authentication is required. Anyone can see the content. For example, www.cbseacademic.in and www.ncert.nic.in
PersonalisationIt provides focussed and personalised information.A website provides extensive content to fulfil the needs of a wide range of users. A user can access and use the provided information as per his desire.
CustomisationA user can select and organise the content he wants to access.The content is searchable, but not customisable.
LinkageIt is generally linked to various websites that provide the relevant web services.It is generally linked to its own webpages.
ExamplesUniversity or Company website, search engines.https://kips.in/, https://aktu.ac.in/, https://upsee.nic.in/

Question 4

What is a Newsgroup? What role does a Newsreader program play in using a Newsgroup?

Answer

A Newsgroup is an online discussion forum where remotely connected users share and discuss a particular topic. The users/subscribers can exchange text messages, images, videos, and other digital media.

The newsreader program runs on the user’s computer and is utilized to both read and post these messages by connecting to a news server on the Internet.

Question 5

Define markup languages. Give an example of a markup language.

Answer

Markup languages are designed to create an appropriate markup scheme for an electronic document or web page. The language specifies the code for formatting, both the layout and style, within a text file.

HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is an example of markup language.

Question 6

What are the different structural components of a web page? Answer briefly.

Answer

The different structural components of a web page are as follows:

  1. Title bar — It displays the title of the current web page.
  2. Menu or Navigational links — These are the hyperlinks used to move between linked pages of the website.
  3. Header Area — It contains the company and logo, relevant text and search box.
  4. Content Area — It contains the main content of the web page.
  5. Footer Area — It contains copyright notices, website contact information, and privacy statements.

Question 7

What is a protocol?

Answer

There are specific rules, which determine how the data should be transferred over the networks, compressed, presented on the screen, and so on. These sets of rules are called Protocols.

Question 8

What is TCP/IP?

Answer

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the basic communication protocol of the Internet.

TCP/IP is a two-layer program. The higher layer, TCP, manages the breaking down and assembling of the data, whereas the lower layer, IP, is responsible for the accurate delivery of the data over the Internet.

Question 9

Write a brief note on any three different types of blogs.

Answer

Three different types of blogs are:

  1. Personal blog — This is the most common and popular type of blog. It is a journal or diary that is on the Internet. Personal blog encompasses personal views on any chosen subject like health, politics, travel, etc.
  2. News and Views blog — This type of blog is normally used by the journalists to post factual stories and views about the latest events.
  3. Non-profit blog — This category incorporates the non-profit organisations which use blogging to create awareness and raise money for their cause.

Question 10

Name any two popular web browsers.

Answer

Two popular web browsers are Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox.

Question 11

What is WWW?

Answer

The WWW (World Wide Web) commonly known as the Web, is a way of accessing information over the Internet. It contains millions of documents called Web Pages. Each page contains text, graphics, video, audio and links to other webpages via hyperlinks. The web uses the HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) protocol for the transfer of these documents over the Internet.

Question 12

Write web extensions given to the sites of the following types of organisations:

a. Network organisations

b. Government agencies

Answer

The web extensions given to the sites of the following types of organisations are :

a. Network organisations — .net

b. Government agencies — .gov

Question 13

Why is Internet called “Network of networks”?

Answer

The Internet is called the “Network of networks” because it is a global infrastructure that connects numerous smaller networks, allowing them to communicate and share information with one another, creating a vast interconnected web of networks worldwide.

Question 14

Expand the following acronyms:

a. ISP

b. URL

Answer

a. ISP — Internet Service Provider

b. URL — Uniform Resource Locator

Question 15

How are hypertext and http related?

Answer

Hypertext refers to a digital text that has a unique feature of linking to other documents or web pages. It is a system in which different types of documents/files, such as images, sound effects, and text are linked to each other. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the standard protocol used by the World Wide Web which is responsible for accessing hypertext documents on the world wide web.

Question 16

How are an email address and URL different from each other? Explain with a suitable example.

Answer

An email address and URL (Uniform Resource Locator) differ from each other in the following ways:

Email AddressURL
It is a unique electronic address from where e-mails can be sent or received.The Uniform Resource Locator denotes the global address of web documents and web resources.
An e-mail address consists of two parts – a Username and a Domain Name, separated by the @ (‘at’) symbol.A URL consists of four parts — scheme, host, domain and path.
We always use an ‘@’ symbol in an e-mail address.We don’t use an ‘@’ symbol in a URL.
For example, abc.2012@gmail.com, xyz@yahoo.com.For example, http://www.google.com, http://www.cbse.nic.in.

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Ishaan is confused between the terms web page and website. Help him in understanding the difference between both.

Answer

The differences between a web page and website are as follows:

Web PageWebsite
A web page is a basic unit of every website.A website is a collection of web pages, connected by links.
A web page contains information on a specific topic.A website contains information on a subject.
A web page can be compared with a single page of a book.We can compare a website with a book.
The several web pages of a website can be About Us, Contact Us, Testimonials, Products, Services, FAQs, etc.A website may just have a homepage or it may have other internal web pages in addition to the home page.
Each web page is identified by a unique web address called Uniform Resource Locator (URL) within a domain.A website has all its web pages accessible via the same domain name.

Question 2

In the URL,

http://www.discoveryadventures.com/trips/classic-costa-rica/CRCRD/2011/

what is the:

i. http component?

ii. www.discoveryadventures component?

iii. .com component?

Answer

i. http is the scheme component of the URL.

ii. In ‘www.discoveryadventures’, ‘www’ is the host component and ‘discoveryadventures’ is the domain name component.

iii. .com is the domain extension component.

Question 3

Use the keywords given below to complete the paragraph:

(Browser, Website, Web pages, Web address)

Meghna wants to access Internet. She opens the …………… and then types the …………… of the …………… which consists of multiple …………… .

Answer

Meghna wants to access Internet. She opens the browser and then types the web address of the website which consists of multiple web pages.

 

Chapter 2 : Internet Services

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

Question 1

…………… e-mail means you need to install a program on your computer to read the e-mail.

  1. Web-based
  2. Internet
  3. Application-based
  4. None of these

Answer

Application-based

Reason — Application-based e-mail means you need to install a program on your computer to read the e-mail.

Question 2

While sending the same e-mail to various people, the …………… option is used only when the list of recipients is not to be shared with others.

  1. To
  2. Cc
  3. Bcc
  4. None of these

Answer

Bcc

Reason — Bcc (Blind Carbon Copy) allows us to send an email to multiple recipients without revealing the email addresses of the other recipients to each other.

Question 3

…………… folder of an e-mail account contains all the received e-mails.

  1. Spam
  2. Drafts
  3. Inbox
  4. Trash

Answer

Inbox

Reason — Inbox folder of an e-mail account contains all the received e-mails.

Question 4

…………… is an IP based packet-switching integrated system with a high-speed data transmission rate of 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps.

  1. 3G
  2. 4G
  3. 5G
  4. 2G

Answer

4G

Reason — 4G is an IP based packet-switching integrated system with a high-speed data transmission rate of 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps.

Question 5

SMTP is an acronym for …………… .

  1. Simple Message Transfer Protocol
  2. Sample Message Transfer Protocol
  3. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  4. Simple Message Text Protocol

Answer

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Reason — SMTP is an acronym for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

Question 6

Which protocol helps to retrieve e-mails from a remote web server using a local client?

  1. IMAP
  2. POP3
  3. SMTP
  4. HTTP

Answer

POP3

Reason — POP3 (Post office Protocol Version 3) helps to retrieve e-mails from a remote web server using a local client.

Question 7

Which Internet service involves the risk of online money fraud?

  1. E-learning
  2. E-shopping
  3. E-mail
  4. Chat

Answer

E-shopping

Reason — E-shopping service involves the risk of online money fraud during the payment process.

Question 8

…………… is like a private chat room where both the users must be online at the same time.

  1. ICQ
  2. IRC
  3. IM
  4. Web Chat

Answer

IM

Reason — Instant Messaging (IM) is like a private chat room where both the users must be online at the same time.

Question 9

The use of Internet or other electronic means to harass a person is termed as …………… .

  1. Cyber Space
  2. Cyber Policing
  3. Cyber Net
  4. Cyber Bullying

Answer

Cyber Bullying

Reason — The use of Internet or other electronic means to harass a person is termed as Cyber Bullying.

Question 10

Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn are the examples of …………… .

  1. Chat Software
  2. Social Networking Sites
  3. Webmail Application
  4. Network Sharing

Answer

Social Networking Sites

Reason — Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn are the examples of Social Networking Sites.

Question 11

Which protocol is used to send messages from a mail client to a mail server?

  1. FTP
  2. IP
  3. SMTP
  4. TCP/IP

Answer

SMTP

Reason — SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) protocol is used to send messages from a mail client to a mail server.

Question 12

What is the full form of POP?

  1. Post Office Program
  2. Pre Office Protocol
  3. Post Office Protocol
  4. Post Office Provider

Answer

Post Office Protocol

Reason — The full form of POP is Post Office Protocol.

Question 13

An e-mail address consists of two parts- separated by the @ (‘at’) symbol, a User Name and a …………… .

  1. Address
  2. Domain ID
  3. Domain Name
  4. URL

Answer

Domain Name

Reason — An e-mail address consists of two parts- separated by the @ (‘at’) symbol, a User Name and a Domain Name.

Question 14

Which term is used to describe a wide range of applications and processes, designed to provide guidance to students through electronic means?

  1. E-learning
  2. E-shopping
  3. E-commerce
  4. E-reservation

Answer

E-learning

Reason — E-learning is used to describe a wide range of applications and processes, designed to provide guidance to students through electronic means.

Question 15

www.ebay.in is an example of …………… website.

  1. E-shopping
  2. E-group
  3. E-learning
  4. E-reservation

Answer

E-shopping

Reason — www.ebay.in is an example of E-shopping website.

Question 16

A/An …………… contains a discussion or message board where members can discuss topics of their choice.

  1. E-shopping
  2. Social Networking
  3. E-group
  4. E-reservation

Answer

E-group

Reason — An E-group contains a discussion or message board where members can discuss topics of their choice.

Question 17

Which Internet service is used for virtual meetings and involves the use of video cameras connected to two or more computers?

  1. Video Conferencing
  2. Chat
  3. E-learning
  4. E-group

Answer

Video Conferencing

Reason — Video Conferencing is used for virtual meetings and involves the use of video cameras connected to two or more computers.

Question 18

Chatting on Internet is …………… .

  1. Talking face-to-face
  2. Online textual talk
  3. Talking on phone
  4. None of these

Answer

Online textual talk

Reason — Chatting on Internet is online textual talk.

Question 19

Which of the following services are available on the World Wide Web?

(i) E-mail
(ii) XML
(iii) HTML
(iv) Video conferencing

  1. (i) and (ii)
  2. (ii) and (iii)
  3. (iii) and (iv)
  4. (i) and (iv)

Answer

(i) and (iv)

Reason — E-mail and Video conferencing are available on the World Wide Web.

Question 20

…………… are unwanted bulk e-mails, or unwanted commercial e-mails.

  1. Blog
  2. Attachments
  3. Spam
  4. Malware

Answer

Spam

Reason — Spam are unwanted bulk e-mails, or unwanted commercial e-mails.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

IRC works on the …………… model.

Answer

IRC works on the Client/Server model.

Question 2

…………… is an electronic mailbox on a network where e-mails can be sent.

Answer

E-mail account is an electronic mailbox on a network where e-mails can be sent.

Question 3

…………… protocol is used for exchanging files between two or more computers on the Internet over TCP/IP protocols.

Answer

FTP (File Transfer) protocol is used for exchanging files between two or more computers on the Internet over TCP/IP protocols.

Question 4

…………… is an example of a Video Conferencing application.

Answer

Skype is an example of a Video Conferencing application.

Question 5

…………… is an Indian satellite based educational channel that offers informative programmes for a wide range of users.

Answer

GyanDarshan is an Indian satellite based educational channel that offers informative programmes for a wide range of users.

Question 6

…………… is an application of e-commerce that allows purchasing of goods from any part of the world.

Answer

E-shopping is an application of e-commerce that allows purchasing of goods from any part of the world.

Question 7

The application that helps a user in finding information or documents from the Internet is called …………… .

Answer

The application that helps a user in finding information or documents from the Internet is called Search engine.

Question 8

The integration of ICT in government processes, services, and communications is called …………… .

Answer

The integration of ICT in government processes, services, and communications is called E-governance.

Question 9

The Internet service in which we can instantly send messages back and forth is called …………… .

Answer

The Internet service in which we can instantly send messages back and forth is called Chatting.

Question 10

…………… can be used to impart training to a large group of students at a time.

Answer

E-learning can be used to impart training to a large group of students at a time.

Question 11

…………… refers to making financial transactions using a mobile device like a smartphone, tablet, etc.

Answer

Mobile Banking refers to making financial transactions using a mobile device like a smartphone, tablet, etc.

State True or False

Question 1

E-mail is an expensive mode of communication.

Answer

False

Reason — E-mail is an inexpensive mode of communication.

Question 2

An e-group provides only text based communication.

Answer

False

Reason — An e-group can provide both text-based and multimedia communication.

Question 3

SMTP is capable of sending text messages only.

Answer

True

Reason — SMTP is capable of sending text messages only. It cannot transmit pictures, sounds, or movies.

Question 4

You cannot send executable files or messages larger than 25 MB with an e-mail.

Answer

True

Reason — We cannot send executable files or messages larger than 25 MB with an e-mail.

Question 5

Chat Rooms are actual rooms where a chat session takes place.

Answer

False

Reason — Chat Rooms are virtual rooms where a chat session takes place.

Question 6

An e-mail address can contain spaces.

Answer

False

Reason — An e-mail address cannot contain spaces.

Question 7

Google Hangouts is a popular instant messenger and is used for chatting.

Answer

True

Reason — Google Hangouts is a popular instant messaging platform that allows users to chat and communicate in real-time. It supports text messaging, voice calls, and video calls, making it a versatile tool for online communication.

Question 8

Unsolicited bulk e-mails are called spams.

Answer

True

Reason — Spam comprises of unwanted e-mail which is sent to a large number of people with the purpose of advertising, spreading a virus, or flooding the Internet.

Question 9

Telnet is a protocol that is used for accessing a remote computer.

Answer

True

Reason — Telnet is a protocol used for accessing and connecting to remote computers or devices over a network, typically the internet.

Question 10

One can access e-group anytime and remain connected to the conversation thread.

Answer

True

Reason — In an e-group, members can access and participate in discussions at any time and remain connected to the conversation thread.

Answer in One Word or a Sentence

Question 1

Name any application based e-mail service.

Answer

Outlook Express

Question 2

Which feature of a Social Networking Site allows its users to share and display their personal information?

Answer

Profile

Question 3

Which part of an e-mail contains the name and address of the recipient?

Answer

Header

Question 4

Which networking architecture is followed by an FTP client?

Answer

Client/Server model

Question 5

Give an example of an e-learning software.

Answer

Moodle

Question 6

Does an e-group provide the facility to upload and download files?

Answer

Yes.

Question 7

Name the web service that supports real time communication.

Answer

Online chat

Question 8

Which option deletes the selected e-mails and sends it to the Trash folder?

Answer

Delete

Question 9

Name any e-mail service provider that also provides the chat facility.

Answer

Google

Question 10

Name a service that delivers courses to a large number of students via the Internet.

Answer

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)

Question 11

Name the software that is used for conducting Internet Relay Chat on Windows.

Answer

mIRC

Question 12

Name the website used for booking a railway ticket.

Answer

www.irctc.co.in

Question 13

Write the name of any one popular website that offers the facility of online shopping.

Answer

Flipkart

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1

Write down one main advantage of e-shopping.

Answer

Convenience is one of the main advantages of e-shopping. With e-shopping, customers don’t have to visit the shops. They can shop from anywhere by logging on the Internet and accessing the online shopping website. This saves them time and travel cost.

Question 2

Give any two examples of popular search engines.

Answer

Google and Bing.

Question 3

Match web services/URL given in column ‘A’ with corresponding web services/URL given in column ‘B’:

Column AColumn B
Social Networking Sitehttps://www.amazon.in
https://web.skype.com/e-Banking
e-ShoppingVideo Conferencing
https://www.onlinesbi.in/https://www.facebook.com/

Answer

Column AColumn B
Social Networking Sitehttps://www.facebook.com/
https://web.skype.com/Video Conferencing
e-Shoppinghttps://www.amazon.in
https://www.onlinesbi.in/e-Banking

Question 4

When using a Search Engine, what does a minus sign used with keywords in the search box mean? Explain in brief with the help of an example.

Answer

When using a search engine, we use a minus (-) symbol to remove certain words or phrases from the query result.

For example, “What is good and -bad” will produce results, excluding the word “bad”.

Question 5

Name two different parts of an e-mail address with the help of an example.

Answer

Two parts of an e-mail address are:

  1. Username
  2. Domain name

E.g., in the email address avni@gmail.com, avni is the username and gmail.com is the domain name with extension.

Question 6

Even if you do not own a computer, how can you still send and receive e-mails using your own account?

Answer

Even if we do not own a computer, we can still send and receive e-mails using our own account by using smartphones, tablets, public computers or school/workplace computers. We can log in to our e-mail account by providing the username and password at our e-mail service provider page from any device with internet facility. Once we are logged in, we can easily access all the mail services provided by our e-mail account.

Question 7

State one advantage of video conferencing over personal face-to-face business meetings.

Answer

One advantage of video conferencing over personal face-to-face business meetings is convenience. Video conferencing eliminates the need for travel, saving time and reducing expenses. Participants can join meetings from anywhere with an internet connection, making it more accessible and flexible for global collaboration and remote work.

Question 8

How does FTP work?

Answer

FTP uses TCP/IP protocols to upload or download files to our computers from other sources. The source can be a web server or a remote host over the Internet. FTP transfer involves two computers —

  1. FTP Server — The FTP server is a computer that has an FTP address just like an http website. It is an important component in FTP architecture that initiates a client’s request for an FTP connection from other computers and helps in transferring data back to client over the Internet.
  2. FTP Client — The FTP client works on client/server architecture. An FTP client initiates a request to the FTP server for connection using the FTP protocol. Once the connection is established, client software can be used to download, upload, and manage files and folders on a server.

Question 9

Distinguish between downloading and uploading files.

Answer

Downloading FilesUploading Files
Downloading means transferring files from FTP server to our computer.Uploading means transferring files from our computer to FTP server.
In downloading, data traverses from the FTP server to the user’s device.In uploading, data traverses from the user’s device to the FTP server.
To download a file, we copy it from FTP server’s folder and paste it into our computer’s folder.To upload a file, we copy it from our computer’s folder and paste it into the FTP server’s folder.

Question 10

When using a Search Engine to search, when would you use quotation marks around search terms?

Answer

Quotation marks around search terms are used to get the exact results. For example, searching for “climate change” will produce search results containing the phrase climate change. Without quotation marks will also produce results containing just the word climate or the word change.

Question 11

Write the web extensions given to the sites of the following types of organisations:

a. Military

b. Government

Answer

The web extensions are:

a. Military — .mil

b. Government — .gov

Question 12

How can video conferencing be helpful to teachers? Write one point.

Answer

Video conferencing can be helpful to teachers by facilitating remote or online teaching. It allows educators to conduct classes, engage with students, and provide instruction even when physical presence is not possible. This is especially valuable during situations like remote learning, allowing teachers to maintain continuity in education.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1

What is a web service? Discuss the various web services in brief.

Answer

A web service is a software system or component that enables applications to communicate and exchange data over the Internet. Internet provides us a host of web services such as:

  1. E-mail — E-mail allows users to send and receive written messages electronically. It is a cost-effective and eco-friendly form of communication.
  2. Chat — Chat is an online textual conversation happening in realtime. In chatting, the users can instantly send messages back and forth to each other, without caring about any syntax. Chatting can take place via websites in areas known as chat rooms.
  3. Video Conferencing — Video Conferencing is a two-way videophone conversation among multiple participants. It allows multiple people, sitting at geographically different locations, to communicate with each other by exchanging video and audio at the same time.
  4. E-learning — Electronic Learning refers to a wide range of applications and processes, designed to provide guidance and/or deliver information to students, faculties, or employees of the companies through electronic means.
  5. E-banking — E-banking stands for electronic banking. It is the way of performing bank transactions using the Internet. A customer can do plenty of things using E-banking such as he can check the amount in his account, make a FD, transfer the money, apply for loans, etc.
  6. E-shopping — E-shopping refers to buying products and services over the Internet. Online sellers describe their products and services through text, photos, and multimedia files. Consumers can purchase a vast variety of products and services from any part of the world.
  7. E-reservation — E-reservation means making a reservation or appointment for a service via the Internet.
  8. E-governance — E-governance stands for Electronic Governance. It refers to the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in government processes, services, and communications.
  9. E-group — An e-group is a virtual meeting place for individuals who share the common interests. It provides a platform for people to share information on topics of their interests, messages, and photo albums.
  10. Social networking — A Social Networking Site is an online platform that focuses on facilitating the building of social networks or social relations among people who, for example, share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections.

Question 2

What do you understand by mobile technology? Explain 3G and 4G.

Answer

Mobile technology is a technology which is mainly used for communication in mobile devices. It provides a range of services like voice calling, sending text messages, GPS navigation, sending e-mails, running various applications, conducting a business meeting or chatting in a virtual form without any hassle, and as a gaming console.

3G — 3G is the third generation of wireless mobile technology which made web browsing an enjoyable experience on mobile devices. 3G is an upgrade of 2G and 2.5G networks, with faster Internet speed. 3G has made the streaming of audio and video files possible without any interruption. It provides a data transmission rate up to 2 Mbps.

4G — 4G refers to the fourth generation of wireless communications. It is an IP based packet-switching integrated system with a high-speed data transmission rate of 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps. Nowadays, 4G technology is widely used with other communication technologies like Broadcast and Satellite communication. It provides expanded multimedia services at any time and anywhere as per a user’s requirement with high security and high speed.

Question 3

Write the features of e-governance.

Answer

The features of e-governance are as follows:

  1. Accessibility — E-governance offers citizens easy online access to government services and information.
  2. Transparency — It promotes openness by providing real-time access to government data, reducing corruption.
  3. Efficiency — Administrative processes are streamlined, cutting paperwork and costs.
  4. Citizen Engagement — E-governance fosters two-way communication, allowing feedback and collaboration.
  5. Cost-effectiveness — It reduces operational expenses for both government and citizens.
  6. Data Security — Ensures safe handling of sensitive information.
  7. 24/7 Availability — Online services are accessible anytime, anywhere for citizen convenience.

Question 4

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of E-shopping.

Answer

The advantages of E-shopping are:

  1. Convenience — With e-shopping, customers don’t have to visit the shops. They can shop from anywhere by logging on the Internet and accessing the online shopping website. This saves them time and travel cost.
  2. Information and Reviews — Online stores offer product reviews and helpful information such as usage instructions, manufacturer specifications, and safety guidelines that is helpful to the customers.
  3. Price and Selection — Online stores offer discounts with cheap deals and better prices enabled by direct access to manufacturers and a vast global product selection.
  4. Compulsive Shopping — Unlike traditional shopping, online shopping allows us to buy what we truly need without indulging into compulsive shopping due to the pressure tactics and selling skills of the shopkeepers.

The disadvantages of E-shopping are:

  1. Online shopping lacks the personal touch and the ability to physically experience products such as clothing and cosmetics.
  2. Online security is a concern, as some websites may not encrypt credit card data, potentially exposing our confidential data to hackers.
  3. Only a few sites offer free shipping of products. Hence, the shipping cost acts as a big discouragement for online shoppers.
  4. A major problem in e-shopping is the hassle in returning the product and follow up on the refund, or the exchange of items.
  5. There is a huge risk of online fraud. Some sites pretend to be selling products at a meagre price, and the customers often receive a low quality or refurbished item for that price.
  6. At times, online sites can unexpectedly close after payment, leaving customers without the items they’ve purchased.

Question 5

Discuss the basic requirements for connecting to an FTP server.

Answer

The basic requirements for connecting to an FTP server are:

  1. FTP Client Software — We must have FTP client software installed on our computer. Popular options include FileZilla, WinSCP, and Cyberduck.
  2. Server Address — We need to know the FTP server’s address, which can be either a domain name or an IP address.
  3. Username and Password — We must have a valid username and password to access the FTP server. This is typically provided by the server administrator or hosting provider.
  4. FTP Protocol — We must determine whether we’re using standard FTP (insecure) or SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol, secure).
  5. Permissions and Access Rights — We must have the necessary permissions and access rights to perform the desired operations on the server, such as uploading or downloading the files.

Question 6

Discuss briefly a few disadvantages of video conferencing.

Answer

The disadvantages of video conferencing are:

  1. A very reliable and fast connection is needed all the time to conduct video conferencing.
  2. Even with a fast connection, there might be a slight delay between responses that can disrupt the natural flow of conversation.
  3. The major disadvantage is the technical difficulty associated with it, that is software, hardware, or network failure. It may disrupt the flow of the meeting.
  4. High quality dedicated video conferencing systems are expensive to buy.
  5. People could be in different time zones around the world. The chances are that some people may have to stay back during odd hours in the night to attend the meeting.

Question 7

How does an SSH protocol protect data?

Answer

The SSH (Secure Socket Shell) protocol protects data in the following ways:

  1. Before transferring data between the client and the host computer, the SSH calls upon the SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) to authenticate both the server and the client machine.
  2. Once the authentication process gets over, the SFTP protocol works on to set a secure channel between the client and the host computer by establishing a secure connection and then only the data transmission is initiated.
  3. SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) protects the integrity of the data using encryption and cryptographic hash function techniques.

Question 8

What do you mean by the term PC banking?

Answer

PC banking is a type of banking where a person uses a personal computer to access banking information. It requires a secure Internet connection and a Personal Financial Management software, such as Quicken®, Microsoft Money®, etc.

With PC banking, we can safely perform our bank transactions like bill payments, fund transfers, check statements, etc., from our home computer.

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Parul has been given a table which contains a list of e-mail addresses. She has been asked to find all the valid e-mail addresses in the list and put a tick mark in front of them. Help her in finishing the given assignment.

aditi_gupta@rediffmail.com
tanmay(45)@webmail.ac.in
www.jay-singh.com
rini@86india@yahoo.com
harsh.kumar@yahoo.co.in

Answer

The common rules for a valid email address are as follows:

  1. Format: An email address must have a specific format: username@domain.com. The “@” symbol separates the username (before the “@” symbol) and the domain (after the “@” symbol).
  2. Username Rules:
    • Must contain only letters (a-z), numbers (0-9), dots (.), hyphens (-), and underscores (_).
    • Cannot start or end with a dot.
    • Cannot have consecutive dots, hyphens, or underscores (e.g., “..”, “–“, “__”).
    • Usernames are not case-sensitive.
  3. Domain Rules:
    • Must contain at least one period (.), typically separating the domain name from the domain extension.
    • The domain name can contain letters, numbers, hyphens, and dots. It cannot start or end with a hyphen or dot.

Hence, the valid email addresses are:

E-MailValidity
aditi_gupta@rediffmail.com (Valid)
tanmay(45)@webmail.ac.inInvalid as parenthesis not allowed in username.
www.jay-singh.comInvalid as not in username@domain.com format.
rini@86india@yahoo.comInvalid as not in username@domain.com format due to two @ symbols.
harsh.kumar@yahoo.co.in (Valid)

Question 2

Diya is a very social person and wants to connect with all her friends on the Internet. She wants to join an online community where she can have her own profile, invite her friends to join, share photos, videos, etc.

  1. Which Internet service is Diya interested in?
  2. Suggest an example of such a service so that she could join it.
  3. Also discuss its merits and demerits.

Answer

  1. Diya is interested in a social networking service on the Internet.
  2. Diya can join Facebook that offers all these social networking features that she is looking for.
  3. Merits of social networking are as follows:
    1. Easier to Connect — It is easier to connect with friends, families, classmates, customers, and clients in today’s fast-paced life.
    2. Create New Connections — We can seek out groups that are focused towards special interests and hobbies, and connect with those that share the same interests as ours.
    3. Free Business Promotions — Companies and artists can reach a diverse and large number of people using social media sites. This allows them to promote and market themselves and their products on a large platform.
    4. Aids in Criminal Cases — Social networking services are increasingly being used in investigations of criminal cases for evidence in the form of photographs, status updates, people’s location at a particular time and conversations between the persons involved.
    5. Spreads Information Incredibly Fast — Social networking sites provide a medium through which news and other important information can spread like a virus.

Demerits of social networking are as follows:

  1. Cyber Bullying — Young kids publicly harass one another by sending or posting abusive text messages, e-mails or pictures, which are visible to the entire cyber world.
  2. Less Real Life Interaction — People prefer to meet their friends and relations via social networking sites, resulting in a lack of personal interaction.
  3. Addiction — People are becoming more addicted to the usage of social networking services, which results in the wastage of their valuable time.
  4. Misleading Information — Social networking sites can be a quick way for people to learn about breaking news, but it is not always accurate.
  5. Misuse of Information — Social networking sites do not provide enough security to the personal data of a user. Strangers with bad intentions cleverly steal and misuse this information.
  6. Fake Profiles — Social networking sites have a massive number of users with fake identities, who may exploit other people and mislead them.
  7. Peer Pressure — Some people tend to post false information about themselves, falling prey to peer pressure.

Question 3

Akhil works in a big organisation. He has to frequently access remote computers that are located at other branches in different cities. Which protocol would he be using for this purpose?

Answer

TELNET protocol.

Question 4

Arushi wants to organise an expert lecture for her students on the topic ‘Web Services’. However, due to bad weather conditions, the guest lecturer could not come down to her institute. Suggest the technology that can be used at the last moment to organise a virtual lecture for the children.

Answer

Video conferencing can be used to organise a virtual lecture for the children.

Question 5

Identify domain name(s) and URL(s) from the following list:

  1. yoga@yoga.com
  2. doYogaEveryday.com
  3. www.doYogaEveryday.com/old/index.html
  4. www.PerformingArts_schools.org/backlink.htm
  5. 192.168.0.1
  6. http://cbse.nic.in

Answer

 Domain / URLReason
yoga@yoga.comE-mail addressIt consists of username and domain name separated by ‘@’ symbol.
doYogaEveryday.comDomain nameIt contains a domain name (doYogaEveryday) and extension (.com)
www.doYogaEveryday.com/old/index.htmlURLIt contains the scheme, host, domain and path.
www.PerformingArts_schools.org/backlink.htmURLIt contains the scheme, host, domain and path.
192.168.0.1IP addressIt is an IP address
http://cbse.nic.inURLIt contains the scheme, host, domain and path.

Chapter 3

Basic HTML Elements

 

 

 

 


Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

The …………… contain elements which define how the information on a web page is formatted or displayed.

  1. Editors
  2. Tags
  3. Attributes
  4. None of these

Answer

Tags

Reason — The tags contain elements which define how the information on a web page is formatted or displayed.

Question 2

The …………… tag contains the content of your document which gets displayed on the web page of your browser window.

  1. <HEAD>
  2. <BODY>
  3. <HTML>
  4. None of these

Answer

<BODY>

Reason — The <BODY> tag contains the content of our document which gets displayed on the web page of our browser window.

Question 3

Which special property provides additional information about an HTML element?

  1. Tag
  2. Element
  3. Attribute
  4. None of these

Answer

Attribute

Reason — The attribute property provides additional information about an HTML element.

Question 4

The ALIGN attribute of <P> tag cannot take …………… value.

  1. Right
  2. Left
  3. Justify
  4. None of these

Answer

None of these

Reason — The ALIGN attribute of <P> tag can take right, left and justify as value.

Question 5

Which of the following tags helps in retaining the spacing of text or displaying the preformatted spaces on a webpage in an HTML document?

  1. <SPACE>
  2. <PRE>
  3. <SPC>
  4. None of these

Answer

<PRE>

Reason — The <PRE> tag helps in retaining the spacing of text or displaying the preformatted spaces on a webpage in an HTML document.

Question 6

Which tag adds a line horizontally on your web page?

  1. <HR>
  2. <LINE>
  3. <LINE Direction="horizontal">
  4. <TR>

Answer

<HR>

Reason — The <HR> tag adds a line horizontally on your web page.

Question 7

Choose the correct HTML tag to make the text italic.

  1. <ii>
  2. <Italics>
  3. <Italic>
  4. <I>

Answer

<I>

Reason — The <I> tag is used to make the text italic.

Question 8

What is the correct HTML tag for inserting a line break?

  1. <BR>
  2. <LB>
  3. <Break>
  4. <Newline>

Answer

<BR>

Reason — The <BR> tag is used for inserting a line break.

Question 9

An HTML …………… consists of an ON tag, the content, and an OFF tag.

  1. Element
  2. Tag
  3. Attribute
  4. None of these

Answer

Element

Reason — An HTML element consists of an ON tag, the content, and an OFF tag.

Question 10

Which character is used with the OFF tag?

  1. end
  2. /
  3. \
  4. <

Answer

/

Reason — The / character is used with the OFF tag.

Question 11

The default colour of LINK attribute is …………… .

  1. Red
  2. Black
  3. Green
  4. Blue

Answer

Blue

Reason — The default colour of LINK attribute is blue.

Question 12

The entity which displays an ‘&’ sign on the browser is …………… .

  1. &
  2. <&AMP>
  3. &AMP
  4. None of these

Answer

&AMP

Reason — The entity which displays an ‘&’ sign on the browser is &AMP.

Question 13

Which entity displays the “>” (greater than) sign on the browser?

  1. <& GT>
  2. &GT
  3. & GRT
  4. None of these

Answer

&GT

Reason — The &GT entity displays the “>” (greater than) sign on the browser.

Question 14

The HTML tag for the largest heading is …………… .

  1. <H1>
  2. <H6>
  3. <HEAD>
  4. None of these

Answer

<H1>

Reason — The HTML tag for the largest heading is <H1>.

Question 15

Which tag is used to define the basic font size for the whole document?

  1. <BASEFONT>
  2. <COLOR>
  3. <FONT>
  4. <SIZE>

Answer

<BASEFONT>

Reason — The <BASEFONT> tag is used to define the basic font size for the whole document.

Question 16

The default value of Type attribute for an unordered list is …………… .

  1. Disc
  2. Square
  3. Circle
  4. None of these

Answer

Disc

Reason — The default value of Type attribute for an unordered list is disc.

Question 17

Which of the following tags is suitable for creating a numbered list?

  1. <BL>
  2. <OL>
  3. <UL>
  4. None of these

Answer

<OL>

Reason — The <OL> tag is suitable for creating a numbered list.

Question 18

To display (X+Y)2, the correct HTML code is:

  1. <SUB> (X+Y)2 </SUB>
  2. X+Y<SUP> 2 </SUP>
  3. (X+Y) <SUP> 2 </SUP>
  4. <SUP> (X+Y) 2 </SUP>

Answer

(X+Y) <SUP> 2 </SUP>

Reason — To display (X+Y)2, the correct HTML code is (X+Y) <SUP> 2 </SUP>.

Question 19

What is the full form of DTD?

  1. Document To Definition
  2. Dynamic To Definition
  3. Document Type Definition
  4. Direct Type Definition

Answer

Document Type Definition

Reason — The full form of DTD is Document Type Definition.

Question 20

Anything written between …………… is taken as a comment.

  1. <?-->
  2. <?- --?>
  3. <!-- and -->
  4. </--->

Answer

<!-- and -->

Reason — Anything written between <!-- and --> is taken as a comment.

Question 21

To start a list with alphabet ‘E’, which line should be used?

  1. <OL type="A">
  2. <OL type="A" start= "5" >
  3. <OL type="E" >
  4. <OL start="E" >

Answer

<OL type="A" start= "5" >

Reason — To start a list with alphabet ‘E’, we write the following code:

<OL type="A" start= "5" >

Question 22

Which of the following is a text editor?

  1. Notepad
  2. Wordpad
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. None of these

Answer

Both 1 and 2

Reason — Notepad and Wordpad both are text editors.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

The …………… section contains the content to be displayed on the web page.

Answer

The <BODY> section contains the content to be displayed on the web page.

Question 2

The …………… editor provides various tools and graphical interface where the web pages are designed.

Answer

The WYSIWYG editor provides various tools and graphical interface where the web pages are designed.

Question 3

…………… and …………… are attributes of the <HR> tag.

Answer

Size and Width are attributes of the <HR> tag.

Question 4

The colour of the text in the HTML document can be changed using the …………… attribute of the Font tag.

Answer

The colour of the text in the HTML document can be changed using the Color attribute of the Font tag.

Question 5

The FACE attribute of the …………… tag is used to change the typeface or the name of the font.

Answer

The FACE attribute of the <FONT> tag is used to change the typeface or the name of the font.

Question 6

The …………… attribute of Body tag defines the colour of the visited links in a document.

Answer

The <VLINK> attribute of Body tag defines the colour of the visited links in a document.

Question 7

The …………… attribute of Body tag changes the colour of the Active link.

Answer

The <ALINK> attribute of Body tag changes the colour of the Active link.

Question 8

The three values that can be defined with …………… tag are disc, square, and circle.

Answer

The three values that can be defined with <UL> tag are disc, square, and circle.

Question 9

To specify the start value of the first item from which an ordered list should start, the …………… attribute is used.

Answer

To specify the start value of the first item from which an ordered list should start, the Start attribute is used.

Question 10

A list created within a list is called …………… list.

Answer

A list created within a list is called nested list.

Question 11

The default colour of a hyperlink on a web page is …………… .

Answer

The default colour of a hyperlink on a web page is blue.

Question 12

The …………… tag is used to create subscripts and …………… tag is used to create superscripts on a web page.

Answer

The <SUB> tag is used to create subscripts and <SUP> tag is used to create superscripts on a web page.

Question 13

The …………… attribute is used to define the thickness of horizontal rule.

Answer

The Size attribute is used to define the thickness of horizontal rule.

Question 14

The …………… tag is used to insert line break on a web page.

Answer

The <BR> tag is used to insert line break on a web page.

State True or False

Question 1

The title of a document can contain maximum 64 characters.

Answer

True

Reason — The title should be short and include only upto 64 characters.

Question 2

The Heading levels are part of the <HEAD> tag.

Answer

False

Reason — The Heading levels are part of the <BODY> tag.

Question 3

The Vlink tag defines the colour of the link after it has been visited.

Answer

True

Reason — The Vlink attribute defines the colour of the link after it has been visited.

Question 4

A list can be defined in different styles.

Answer

True

Reason — A list can be defined as a ordered list, unordered list or as a definition list.

Question 5

The default value for <OL> is a filled circle.

Answer

False

Reason — The default value for <UL> is a filled circle or disc.

Question 6

You can start the ordered list with a different number.

Answer

True

Reason — We can start the ordered list with a different number which we can specify using the start attribute.

Question 7

The colour of the hyperlinks in an HTML document cannot be changed.

Answer

False

Reason — The Link, Alink and Vlink attributes of the body tag control the colours of the hyperlinks.

Question 8

There must be only one <title> tag in an HTML document.

Answer

True

Reason — There must be only one <title> tag in an HTML document and it is defined within the <HEAD> tag.

Question 9

Unordered list type creates a bulleted list.

Answer

True

Reason — Unordered list type creates a bulleted list with bullets like disc, circle or square.

Question 10

Physical structure refers to different parts of a document, i.e., how a document is built.

Answer

True

Reason — Physical structure refers to the arrangement and organization of different parts of the document, including elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, images, and more.

Answer in One Word or a Sentence

Question 1

What does W3C stand for?

Answer

World Wide Web Consortium

Question 2

Which elements have both starting and ending tags?

Answer

Container elements

Question 3

How many heading levels can be defined in HTML?

Answer

Six heading levels starting from <H1> to <H6>.

Question 4

Write the tag which is used as a separator between blocks of text.

Answer

<HR>

Question 5

Which attribute of HTML tag specifies the language used within the document?

Answer

Lang attribute

Question 6

What is the utility of <P> tag?

Answer

Marks a block of text as a paragraph

Question 7

Which tag is used to set Font Face, Size, Color, and other attributes for the whole HTML document?

Answer

<BASEFONT>

Question 8

What type of lists are supported by HTML?

Answer

Unordered, Ordered and Definition

Question 9

Name any one software for each of the following categories:

a. Text Editor

b. Web Browser

Answer

a. Notepad

b. Google Chrome

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1

Define the <BODY> tag in HTML.

Answer

The <BODY> tag is the largest part of the HTML document. It contains the content that appears on a web page when viewed in a browser. Within the <BODY> tag, various formatting elements can be incorporated, such as images, headings, lists, and hypertext links to enhance the appearance of a web page.

Question 2

Define the term Hyperlink.

Answer

Hyperlink is a highlighted text segment or image that connects to other pages on the web.

Question 3

Differentiate between Container and Empty elements in HTML. Give any two examples of HTML tags from each category.

Answer

Container elementsEmpty elements
Container elements require both, an opening and a closing tag.Empty elements require only an opening tag and not a closing tag.
Container elements affect the text appearing between their opening and a closing tag.Empty elements just carry out the job assigned to them.
For example, <TITLE>…</TITLE><FONT>…</FONT> etc.For example, <BR><HR> etc.

Question 4

Which attribute allows you to change the style of numbers in an ordered list?

Answer

‘Type’ attribute.

Question 5

What is an attribute in HTML?

Answer

An attribute is a property that provides additional information about an HTML element. It enhances the functionality of a tag and is always specified inside the opening tag.

Question 6

Which heading element gives the most prominent heading?

Answer

<H1> tag gives the most prominent heading.

Question 7

Write names of two attributes each for the following tags:

  1. <FONT>
  2. <BODY>

Answer

  1. Two attributes of <FONT> tag are Face and Size.
  2. Two attributes of <BODY> tag are Bgcolor and Background.

Question 8

Identify which of the following is a tag or an attribute:

  1. HR
  2. align
  3. BR
  4. Text
  5. P
  6. Noshade

Answer

  1. HR — Tag
  2. align — Attribute
  3. BR — Tag
  4. Text — Attribute
  5. P — Tag
  6. Noshade — Attribute

Question 9

Write an HTML code to create the following ordered list.

C. Apples
D. Oranges
E. Grapes

Answer

<HTML>
<BODY>
<OL TYPE = "A" START = "3">
<LI>Apples</LI>
<LI>Oranges</LI>
<LI>Grapes</LI>
</OL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 10

Write an HTML code to create the following bulleted list.

  • MS Word
  • MS Excel
  • MS PowerPoint
  • MS Access

Answer

<HTML>
<BODY>
<UL TYPE = "CIRCLE">
<LI>MS Word</LI>
<LI>MS Excel</LI>
<LI>MS PowerPoint</LI>
<LI>MS Access</LI>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 11

Find the errors in the following HTML code and write the correct code.

<UL Style: Square> <LI> Water Bottles <LI> Lunch Box <LI> Handkerchief </OL>

Answer

The errors in the given code are as follows:

  1. The name of the attribute should be ‘Type’ and not ‘Style’.
  2. The attribute is followed by an ‘=’ symbol and not a ‘:’ symbol.
  3. <LI> tags should be closed with </LI>
  4. The closing tag should be </UL> instead of </OL>.

The correct code is as follows:

<UL Type= "Square"> 
<LI>Water Bottles</LI> 
<LI>Lunch Box</LI> 
<LI>Handkerchief</LI> 
</UL>

Question 12

Identify error(s) in the following HTML code and write the correct code.

<OL Type= "a" Start= "d">

Answer

The error in the given code is that the value of start attribute should be numeric. Thus, for the list to start with ‘d’, the value of start attribute must be set to ‘4’.

The correct code is as follows:

<OL Type= "a" Start= "4">

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1

Write a short note on web browser.

Answer

A web browser is essential software used for accessing websites and serves as an interface between users and the World Wide Web. Web browsers come in various forms, including those with graphical user interfaces like Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, as well as text-based browsers such as Lynx.

They are typically installed on individual computers, enabling users to effortlessly explore files, folders, and websites through hyperlinks. Multiple tabs and windows within the same browser can be opened simultaneously, enhancing user experience.

Web browsers offer an array of features and functionalities, including the ability to download content, save bookmarks for easy access, and manage passwords securely. They also provide tools like spell-checking, integrated search engine toolbars, tabbed browsing for efficient multitasking, ad-blocking features, accessibility through HTML access keys, and pop-up blocking to enhance browsing safety and convenience.

Question 2

Differentiate between Block-level elements and Text-level elements.

Answer

Block-level elementsText-level elements
Block level elements take up the full width available and by default, begin on a new line.Text level elements are used to markup the bits of text, including changing the text appearance or creating hyperlinks. They do not start on a new line and only take up as much width as necessary.
For example, <P> tag, <HR> tag etc.For example, <B> tag, <I> tag etc.

Question 3

What is the difference between <B> and <BR> tags?

Answer

<B> tag<BR> tag
This tag is used for making the text bold.This tag is used to insert a line break.
It is a container element.It is an empty element.
E.g.
<b>This text is bold.</b>
E.g.
This is some text <br> on a new line.

Question 4

How can we display <, > and & symbols on a web page?

Answer

We can display the given symbols on a web page using the following character entities:

SymbolCharacter
Entities
<&lt
>&gt
&&amp

Question 5

Differentiate between Ordered and Unordered list with the help of an example.

Answer

Difference between Ordered and Unordered list:

S.
No.
Ordered ListUnordered List
1.The ordered list is used to display the list of items in a specific order.The unordered list is used when the items are not to be displayed in any particular order.
2.<OL> tag is used to create ordered list.<UL> tag is used to create unordered list.
3.

E.g.
<OL>
<LI>Apple</LI>
<LI>Mango</LI>
<LI>Banana</LI>
</OL>

Output

  1. Apple
  2. Mango
  3. Banana

E.g.
<UL>
<LI>Apple</LI>
<LI>Mango</LI>
<LI>Banana</LI>
</UL>

Output

  • Apple
  • Mango
  • Banana

Question 6

What do you mean by nesting of list?

Answer

A list created within a list is called a Nested list. Ordered and Unordered list can be nested within each other to form a multilevel list. To create a nested list, we add a new list within a list. Consider the given example,

<OL>
<LI> Input Devices
    <UL>
    <LI> Keyboard </LI> 
    <LI> Mouse </LI>
    <LI> Joystick </LI>
    </UL>
<LI> Output Devices
    <UL>
    <LI> Monitor </LI> 
    <LI> Speaker </LI>
    <LI> Printer </LI>
    </UL>
</OL>

The nested list will be displayed as follows:

  1. Input Devices
    • Keyboard
    • Mouse
    • Joystick
  2. Output Devices
    • Monitor
    • Speaker
    • Printer

Question 7

What is the function of Definition List? Explain its structure with the help of an example.

Answer

Definition lists are used to outline the multiple terms and their descriptions one after another, as in a glossary and other name or value lists. It starts and ends with <DL> and </DL> tag respectively. The <DL> tag is used in conjunction with <DT> (Definition Term) and <DD> (Definition Description) tags where:

  1. <DT> helps in defining the terms or names.
  2. <DD> helps in describing each term or name.

Consider the following example,

<DL>
<DT>DNA</DT>
<DD>DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms.</DD>
<DT>RNA</DT>
<DD>RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid. It acts as a messenger between DNA and the protein synthesis complexes known as ribosomes.</DD>
</DL>

The given HTML code is displayed in the following way:

DNA
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms.
RNA
RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid. It acts as a messenger between DNA and the protein synthesis complexes known as ribosomes.

Question 8

Discuss the use of <UL> and <LI> tags with suitable examples of each.

Answer

The <UL> tag is used to define an unordered list. It indents each item in the list and adds a bullet against each of them. The <LI> tag is used to display the listed items in an unordered or ordered list.

Consider the following example,

<HTML>
<BODY>
FRUITS
<UL>
<LI>Mango</LI>
<LI>Apple</LI>
<LI>Guava</LI>
<LI>Banana</LI>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

The list is displayed as follows:

FRUITS

  • Mango
  • Apple
  • Guava
  • Banana

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Mihir wants to know the name of any two text editors that can be used to write the code for an HTML webpage. Can you provide him with the names?

Answer

The two text editors that can be used to write the code for an HTML webpage are Notepad and Wordpad.

Question 2

Write the HTML code for the following in the space provided.

  1. A normal sized heading with the text, “LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL.”
  2. The largest size heading, “PETER PAN”
  3. A normal sized heading, “A MUSICAL”
  4. A horizontal line across the page

Answer

a. <H3> LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL. </H3>

b. <H1> PETER PAN </H1>

c. <H3> A MUSICAL </H3>

d. <HR>

Question 3

Find error(s) in the following HTML code segment. Rewrite the correct code and underline the corrections made.

<UL STYLE: square>
<LI> Water Bottles
<LI> Lunch box
<LI> Handkerchief
</OL>

Answer

The errors in the given code are as follows:

  1. The name of the attribute should be ‘Type’ and not ‘Style’.
  2. The attribute is followed by an ‘=’ symbol and not a ‘:’ symbol.
  3. <LI> tags should be closed with </LI>
  4. The closing tag should be </UL> instead of </OL>.

The correct code is as follows:

<UL Type= "Square"> 
<LI>Water Bottles</LI> 
<LI>Lunch Box</LI> 
<LI>Handkerchief</LI> 
</UL>

Question 4

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

To display the above given chemical expression on a web page, the following HTML code was written:

6CO<sup>2</sup> + 6H<sup>2</sup>O →
C<sup>6</sup>H<sup>12</sup>O<sup>6</sup> + 6O<sup>2</sup>

But it’s not displaying the expression in desired format. Identify the fault(s) and suggest the required correction(s).

Answer

<SUB> tag is used to write a text as a subscript and <SUP> tag is used to write a text as a superscript. The given chemical expression should be written using <SUB> tag instead of the <SUP> tag.

Thus, the given equation can be written correctly by writing the given HTML code:

6CO<SUB>2</SUB> + 6H<SUB>2</SUB>O →
C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>12</SUB>O<SUB>6</SUB> + 6O<SUB>2</SUB>

Chapter 4

Images, Links and Tables

 

 

 

 


Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

Which tag is used to insert an image in a web page?

  1. <SRC>
  2. <IM>
  3. <IMG>
  4. None of these

Answer

<IMG>

Reason — <IMG> tag is used to insert an image in a web page.

Question 2

Which attribute of the <IMG> tag allows you to display a text instead of an image?

  1. Alt
  2. Image
  3. Alternate
  4. Border

Answer

Alt

Reason — The Alt attribute can display a phrase instead of the image, in case the image cannot be displayed by the browser.

Question 3

You can use the …………… attribute to control the horizontal space around an image.

  1. Hspace
  2. Rspace
  3. Lspace
  4. None of these

Answer

Hspace

Reason — You can use the Hspace attribute to control the horizontal space around an image.

Question 4

We can present data in a row and column format by using the …………… tag.

  1. <TR><TC>
  2. <TABLE>
  3. <ROW><COL>
  4. None of these

Answer

<TABLE>

Reason — We can present data in a row and column format by using the <TABLE> tag.

Question 5

The column heading is specified by using the …………… tag.

  1. <CH>
  2. <TR>
  3. <TH>
  4. <TD>

Answer

<TH>

Reason — The column heading is specified by using the <TH> tag.

Question 6

<TR> tag is used to create a …………… in a table.

  1. Row
  2. Column
  3. Caption
  4. All of these

Answer

Row

Reason — <TR> tag is used to create a row in a table.

Question 7

…………… tag defines the cells or columns of a table which denotes table data.

  1. <TR>
  2. <TD>
  3. <TH>
  4. None of these

Answer

<TD>

Reason — <TD> tag defines the cells or columns of a table which denotes table data.

Question 8

Which attribute is used to set the amount of space between the cell border and the cell data?

  1. Spacing
  2. Cellpadding
  3. Cellspacing
  4. Align

Answer

Cellpadding

Reason — Cellpadding attribute is used to set the amount of space between the cell border and the cell data.

Question 9

The default alignment of the contents of table cells is …………… .

  1. Center
  2. Right
  3. Top
  4. Left

Answer

Left

Reason — The default alignment of the contents of table cells is left.

Question 10

Choose the correct HTML code to right-align the data inside a table cell.

  1. <TRright Align>
  2. <TD Align ="Right">
  3. <TD VAlign ="Right">
  4. <TR "Right">

Answer

<TD Align ="Right">

Reason — To right-align the data inside a table cell, we use the given HTML code:

<TD Align ="Right">

Question 11

Which is the correct code to merge four columns in a table?

  1. <TD COLSPAN = 4>
  2. <TD COLUMN SPAN= 4>
  3. <COLSPAN = 4>
  4. <TD SPAN = 4>

Answer

<TD COLSPAN = 4>

Reason — The correct HTML code to merge four columns in a table is as follows:

<TD COLSPAN = 4>

Question 12

Which of the following is not the attribute of <A> tag?

  1. NAME
  2. TITLE
  3. HREF
  4. SRC

Answer

SRC

Reason — SRC is not the attribute of <A> tag. The other attributes of <A> tag are used for the following purposes:

  1. HREF — It defines the document to which the link leads.
  2. TITLE — It is used to give a title to the document to which we are linking.
  3. NAME — It specifies the name of the anchor being set up for internal linking in a document.

Question 13

Combining two or more cells either column-wise or row-wise in a table is called …………… .

  1. Merging
  2. Spanning
  3. Combining
  4. None of these

Answer

Spanning

Reason — Combining two or more cells either column-wise or row-wise in a table is called Spanning.

Question 14

The two common attributes of the <IMG> and the <TABLE> tags are …………… .

  1. SRC and HEIGHT
  2. HEIGHT and WIDTH
  3. BORDER and SRC
  4. They do not have any common attributes

Answer

They do not have any common attributes

Reason — The <IMG> and the <TABLE> tags do not have any common attributes.

Question 15

Why is it important to specify width and height attribute in <IMG> tag?

  1. To ensure that the image is not copied.
  2. The image will not render without these.
  3. To stop the image from loading.
  4. Helps the browser to load the web page faster.

Answer

Helps the browser to load the web page faster.

Reason — It is important to specify width and height attribute in <IMG> tag so that the browser can reserve the space for the images when the page is loaded.

Question 16

Which command should we use to link a page with an HTML page?

  1. <A Link= "page.htm"> </a>
  2. <A Href = "page.htm">page</a>
  3. <A Connect= "page.htm"></a>
  4. <A Attach="page.htm" > </a>

Answer

<A Href = "page.htm">page</a>

Reason — We can use the following command to link a page with an HTML page :

<A Href = "page.htm">page</a>

Question 17

Which attribute(s) is/are used to merge rows?

  1. Rowspan
  2. Colspan
  3. Both 1 and 2
  4. None of these

Answer

Rowspan

Reason — Rowspan attribute is used to merge rows.

Question 18

What is the correct syntax in HTML for creating a link to an e-mail address?

  1. <A Href = "E-mail.htm">
  2. <A e-mail:to@address>
  3. <A Href="mailto:e-mail_id">
  4. None of these

Answer

<A Href="mailto:e-mail_id">

Reason — The correct syntax in HTML for creating a link to an e-mail address is as follows:

<A Href="mailto:e-mail_id">

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

The height attribute specifies the height of an image in the form of an …………… or a percentage value.

Answer

The height attribute specifies the height of an image in the form of an integer or a percentage value.

Question 2

…………… attribute of an image tag controls the vertical space around the image.

Answer

Vspace attribute of an image tag controls the vertical space around the image.

Question 3

…………… is an attribute of the <IMG> tag which specifies the location or URL of the image to be displayed.

Answer

Src is an attribute of the <IMG> tag which specifies the location or URL of the image to be displayed.

Question 4

An image to be displayed on a web page has to cover 25% of the browser window horizontally and 50% vertically. The attributes …………… and …………… of the <IMG> tag would be used for achieving this.

Answer

An image to be displayed on a web page has to cover 25% of the browser window horizontally and 50% vertically. The attributes Height and Width of the <IMG> tag would be used for achieving this.

Question 5

The …………… tag is used to create inline images.

Answer

The <img> tag is used to create inline images.

Question 6

An …………… link allows a link to another section on the same web page.

Answer

An internal link allows a link to another section on the same web page.

Question 7

The three values of the VAlign attribute, used with <TD> tag, are ……………, …………… and …………… .

Answer

The three values of the VAlign attribute, used with <TD> tag, are TopBottom and Middle.

Question 8

Tables arrange data in …………… and …………… .

Answer

Tables arrange data in Rows and Columns.

Question 9

The …………… attribute of the <TABLE> tag is used to set the minimum distance between two adjacent cells.

Answer

The Cellspacing attribute of the <TABLE> tag is used to set the minimum distance between two adjacent cells.

Question 10

The default border size of a table is …………… pixel.

Answer

The default border size of a table is one pixel.

Question 11

The Border attribute of a table specifies the …………… of the border of a table.

Answer

The Border attribute of a table specifies the width of the border of a table.

Question 12

The <TD> tag must always be present inside the …………… tag.

Answer

The <TD> tag must always be present inside the <TR> tag.

State True or False

Question 1

The <IMG> tag is an empty element.

Answer

True

Reason — The <IMG> tag is an empty element as it doesn’t require a closing tag.

Question 2

The Align attribute can be used to center-align the image horizontally.

Answer

False

Reason — The Align attribute cannot be used to center-align the image horizontally. It can be done by using the Center element.

Question 3

The Alt attribute lets you specify text as an alternative to the image.

Answer

True

Reason — The Alt attribute can display a phrase instead of the image, in case the image cannot be displayed by the browser.

Question 4

The Height Attribute of an image can only be specified in the format of a percentage value.

Answer

False

Reason — The Height Attribute of an image can be specified in the format of an integer or a percentage value.

Question 5

The <TITLE> tag is one of the structural tags of HTML documents.

Answer

True

Reason — The <TITLE> tag is one of the structural tags of HTML documents and is defined inside the <HEAD> tag.

Question 6

The <TFOOTER> tag is used to define a set of header rows.

Answer

False

Reason — The <THEAD> tag is used to define a set of header rows.

Question 7

The table row begins with a <T Row> tag.

Answer

False

Reason — The table row begins with a <TR> tag.

Question 8

The <TH> tag makes the text of the table heading bold.

Answer

True

Reason — The <TH> tag makes the text of the table heading bold.

Question 9

The Href attribute with <A> tag is used to open a link in a new window.

Answer

True

Reason — The Href attribute with <A> tag is used to open a link in a new window.

Question 10

We can give different colours to each cell in a table.

Answer

True

Reason — We can give different colours to each cell in a table by using the Bgcolor attribute.

Question 11

We can put a border around an image by using cellpadding attribute.

Answer

False

Reason — We can put a border around an image by using Border attribute of <IMG> tag.

Question 12

No value is specified with alt attribute of <IMG> tag.

Answer

False

Reason — The value for the Alt attribute is a text string of up to 1024 characters, enclosed in quotation marks.

Question 13

A table’s background colour can be specified using bgcolor attribute.

Answer

True

Reason — A table’s background colour can be specified using bgcolor attribute.

Question 14

<CAPTION> tag gives a description of the table.

Answer

True

Reason — <CAPTION> tag gives a description of the table.

Question 15

An image can be used as a hyperlink to another document.

Answer

True

Reason — An image can be used as a hyperlink to another document.

Answer in One Word or a Sentence

Question 1

Which attribute is used to combine the cells of a table vertically?

Answer

Rowspan

Question 2

What is the default border colour of an HTML table?

Answer

Gray

Question 3

Name the attribute which is used to set the background image for the table.

Answer

Background

Question 4

Name the tag used to group header rows, that defines a table header.

Answer

<THEAD> tag

Question 5

Name the link that allows visitors to send an e-mail message quickly.

Answer

“mailto” link

Question 6

Which attribute of <A> tag specifies the name of the anchor being set up?

Answer

Name

Question 7

When creating a web document, which unit is used to express an image’s height and width?

Answer

Integer or percentage value

Question 8

Which type of image is not shown automatically with other content on the web page?

Answer

External image

Question 9

Mention the HTML tag to left-align the content inside a table cell.

Answer

<TD ALIGN = "LEFT">

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1

What do you understand by Alternate text?

Answer

Alternate text is the text that is displayed as an alternate to the image when the browser is not able to display the image. It is specified using the Alt attribute of <IMG> tag.

Question 2

Differentiate between <TH> and <THEAD> tag.

Answer

<TH> tag<THEAD> tag
<TH> tag is used to specify column heading by making the heading text bold.<THEAD> tag is used to group header rows that define the table’s header. The table header defined by the <THEAD> tag will appear on each page of the document where the table is displayed.
<TH> tag should be enclosed within <TR> tag.<THEAD> tag should be enclosed within <TABLE> tag.
For example,
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TH BGCOLOR = “PINK”>Input Devices</TH>
<TH BGCOLOR = “PINK”>Output Devices</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Mouse </TD>
<TD>Monitor </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Keyboard </TD>
<TD>Printer </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
For example,
<TABLE>
<THEAD BGCOLOR = “PINK”>
<TR>
<TD>Input</TD>
<TD>Output</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Devices</TD>
<TD>Devices</TD>
</TR>
</THEAD>
<TR>
<TD>Mouse </TD>
<TD>Monitor </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Keyboard </TD>
<TD>Printer </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>

Question 3

Which tag in HTML is used to combine the cells vertically in a Table?

Answer

Rowspan attribute of <TD> tag is used to combine the cells vertically in a Table.

Question 4

Which tag is used to create a row in a Table?

Answer

<TR> tag is used to create a row in a Table.

Question 5

Which sides of the Table’s outside border would be visible by setting Frame = “Vsides”.

Answer

The left and right sides (vertical sides) of the Table’s outside border would be visible by setting Frame = “Vsides”.

Question 6

Mention the suitable HTML tag and the attribute to insert an image named ‘globe.jpg’ in the background of a webpage.

Answer

We can use the <BODY> tag with the BACKGROUND attribute to insert an image named ‘globe.jpg’ in the background of a webpage.
E.g. <BODY BACKGROUND = "GLOBE.JPG">

Question 7

Mention any two attributes of <IMG> tag along with their significance.

Answer

Two attributes of <IMG> tag are as follows:

  1. Src — The Src attribute helps in defining the source of an image.
  2. Alt — The Alt attribute lets us specify text as an alternate to the image, that the browser can display if the image cannot be displayed.

Question 8

How can text be displayed in place of an image for users whose browsers do not support images?

Answer

We can use the Alt attribute of the <IMG> tag to display text in place of an image for users whose browsers do not support images.
E.g.
<IMG Src= "garden.jpg" Alt = "Image of a garden">

Question 9

Name two common graphics file formats that most browsers recognise.

Answer

Two common graphics file formats that most browsers recognise are GIF and JPEG.

Question 10

Name the attributes of <A> tag which are used for internal linking in a web page.

Answer

The attributes of <A> tag which are used for internal linking in a web page are:

  1. Name — The Name attribute allows the user to create links within the same document. This attribute specifies the name of the anchor being set up.
  2. Href — The Href attribute serves as a hypertext link, i.e., the command that leads the browser to another section on our web page.

Question 11

Write names of two attributes each for the following tags:

(i) <Img>

(ii) <Table>

(iii) <A>

Answer

(i) <Img> — Src, Alt

(ii) <Table> — Bgcolor, Bordercolor

(iii) <A> — Href, Name

Question 12

Which tags divide HTML tables in multiple sections?

Answer

HTML tables can be divided into multiple sections by the following tags:

  1. <THEAD> — This tag is used to group header rows that define the table’s header.
  2. <TBODY> — This tag defines a table’s body.
  3. <TFOOT> — This tag defines a group of footer rows in a table.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1

How can you add space around the top and bottom of an image?

Answer

We can use the Vspace attribute to add space around the top and bottom of an image. The value of Vspace is defined in pixels.

For example,

<IMG SRC = "IMAGE.JPG" ALT = "GARDEN" VSPACE = "40">

Question 2

How will you add border to an image?

Answer

We can add border around the image by using the Border attribute. It accepts value in terms of pixels.

For example,

<IMG SRC = "IMAGE.jpg" Border= "5">

Question 3

Differentiate between the Rowspan and Colspan attributes of a table.

Answer

Differences between Rowspan and Colspan attributes of a table are:

S.
No.
RowspanColspan
1.ROWSPAN is used to combine the cells vertically. It merges the number of cells vertically and displays them as a single cell.COLSPAN is used to combine the cells horizontally. It specifies the number of columns that the cells span across and shows them as a single cell.
2.E.g. <TD Rowspan= "3"> where 3 is the number of rows that the cells span across.E.g. <TD Colspan= "4"> where 4 is the number of columns that the cells span across.

Question 4

How is spacing in cells controlled?

Answer

Spacing in cells is controlled by the following attributes of the <TABLE> tag.

  1. Cellspacing — It gives the amount of space between cells.
  2. Cellpadding — It gives the amount of space between the cell border and the cell contents.

Consider the following example,

<TABLE BORDER = "3" CELLSPACING = "1" CELLPADDING = "1">
<TR> 
<TD> Fruits </TD> 
<TD> Vegetables </TD> 
</TR>
<TR> 
<TD> Mango, Apple, Banana </TD> 
<TD> Potato, Aubergine, Gourd  </TD> 
</TR>
</TABLE>

Question 5

How will you add an image of a table at the top of your web page?

Answer

We can use the <IMG> tag with its attribute ‘src’ to add an image of a table at the top of our web page. The HTML code is as follows:

<HTML>
<HEAD> 
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<IMG SRC = "TABLE.JPG" ALT = "IMAGE OF A TABLE"> 

...contents of the web page...

</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 6

Write the HTML code to:

i. Align the content of a cell in a Table to the top

ii. Link to a specific section of another webpage

Answer

i. To align the content of a cell in an HTML table to the top, we can use the ‘valign’ attribute with the value “top” for the <td> element. Consider the given example,

<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN = "TOP"> Mouse </TD>
<TD>Monitor </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Keyboard </TD>
<TD>Printer </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>

ii. To create a link to a specific section of another webpage, we can use anchor tags <a> with the ‘href’ attribute pointing to the target webpage and specifying the target section using a ‘#’ followed by the section’s ‘name’ attribute. Consider the given example,

<a href="https://computerhardware.com#inputdevices">Input Devices</a>

Here, “inputdevices” is the value of the ‘name’ attribute which refers to a specific section of another webpage.

Question 7

Write the HTML code to send an email to abc@xyz.com from your web page.

Answer

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Send Email Example</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<A HREF = "mailto:abc@xyz.com">Send Mail to abc</A>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 8

Create a table having four header rows with yellow background colour, four table body rows having light orange colour, and two footer rows having light green colour. Add table contents on your own.

Answer

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Table Example</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<TABLE>
<THEAD BGCOLOR = "YELLOW">
<TR> <TD> Names </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Of </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Some </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Fruits </TD> </TR>
</THEAD>
<TBODY BGCOLOR = "ORANGE">
<TR> <TD> Apple </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Mango  </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Banana </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Guava </TD> </TR>
</TBODY>
<TFOOT BGCOLOR = "LIGHTGREEN">
<TR> <TD> Note  </TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD> Fruits are rich in fibre. </TD> </TR>
</TFOOT>
</TABLE>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Raveena wants to insert an image on her web page and align it in the center. She has written the following code to center-align the image, but the desired result is not displayed. Can you tell her what is wrong with her code?

<IMG Src= "SAVETIGER.GIF" Align= "Center">

Answer

The Align attribute cannot be used to center-align the image horizontally. The middle value of align attribute center aligns the image vertically with the current line but not horizontally. It can be done by using the Center element. Thus, the HTML code should be as follows:

<CENTER>
<IMG Src= "SAVETIGER.GIF">
</CENTER>

Question 2

Shagun wants to set different background colours for the individual cells of the table. How can she achieve this?

Answer

We can use the ‘bgcolor’ attribute of the <TD> element to give different colours to the cells of a table. Consider the following example,

<TABLE>
<TR> 
<TD BGCOLOR = "YELLOW"> Cell 1 </TD> 
<TD BGCOLOR = "PINK"> Cell 2 </TD> 
</TR>
<TR> 
<TD BGCOLOR = "BLUE"> Cell 3 </TD> 
<TD BGCOLOR = "GREEN"> Cell 4 </TD> 
</TR>
</TABLE>

Question 3

Shivam has been given an assignment by her class teacher to design a table in such a way that the amount of space between its cell borders and cell data is 5 pixels and distance between any two cells is 3 pixels. Which attributes can she use to accomplish the task?

Answer

Shivam can use Cellspacing attribute of <TABLE> element to set the distance between any two cells and Cellpadding attribute of <TABLE> element to set the amount of space between its cell borders and cell data. Consider the following example,

<TABLE BORDER = "1" CELLSPACING = "3" CELLPADDING = "5">
<TR> 
<TD> Fruits </TD> 
<TD> Vegetables </TD> 
</TR>
<TR> 
<TD> Mango</TD> 
<TD> Potato</TD> 
<TR>
<TD>Guava </TD>
<TD>Aubergine </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Banana </TD>
<TD>Cauliflower </TD>
</TR>
</TR>
</TABLE>

Question 4

Ayush has to display the sequence of events of the upcoming Annual Sports Day on the school website. Help Ayush in writing the HTML code to generate the following output.

Ayush has to display the sequence of events of the upcoming Annual Sports Day on the school website. Help Ayush in writing the HTML code to generate the following output. Images, Links and Tables, Computer Applications Code 165 Kips Cyber Beans Solutions CBSE Class 10.

Answer

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Annual Sports Day</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<TABLE BORDER = "2" CELLPADDING = "5">
<TR>
<TH ALIGN = "CENTER" BGCOLOR = "MAGENTA" COLSPAN = "3">ANNUAL SPORTS DAY - SEQUENCE OF EVENTS</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR = "LIGHTPINK">8:00 am - 9:00 am </TD>
<TD BGCOLOR = "LIGHTPINK"> 9:00 am to 1:00 pm</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR = "LIGHTPINK"> 1:00 pm  - 2:00 pm</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR = "ORANGE">CULTURAL EVENTS </TD>
<TD BGCOLOR = "ORANGE">TRACK EVENTS </TD>
<TD BGCOLOR = "ORANGE">PRIZE DISTRIBUTION </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 5

Consider the web page given below and answer the following questions:

Mention the tags used to create a table pointed by the letter A. Which property of IMG tag is used to wrap the text around the image? Name the tag and its attributes to set the alignment of text pointed by the letters B and D. Name the tag used to create the links pointed by the letter C. Images, Links and Tables, Computer Applications Code 165 Kips Cyber Beans Solutions CBSE Class 10.
  1. Mention the tags used to create a table pointed by the letter A.
  2. Which property of <IMG> tag is used to wrap the text around the image?
  3. Name the tag and its attributes to set the alignment of text pointed by the letters B and D.
  4. Name the tag used to create the links pointed by the letter C.

Answer

  1. The tags used to create a table pointed by the letter A are <TABLE><TR> and <TD>.

  2. The ‘align’ property of <IMG> tag is used to wrap the text around the image. In this case, Align = "Right" is used that places the image against the right margin and wraps the text around the left margin of the image.

  3. We use the <P> tag and its ‘align’ attribute to set the alignment of text pointed by the letters B and D.

    1. For letter B, the value of align attribute is set to “center”.
    2. For letter D, the value of align attribute is set to “left”.
  4. The anchor tag <A> is used to create the links pointed by the letter C.

Question 6

Identify the errors in the following HTML code and write the corrected code with each correction underlined.

<HTML>
<HEAD> IMAGES</TITLE>
<BODY BACKGROUND="Red">
<IMG HREF="abc.jpg">HERE IS MY IMAGE FILE
</HEAD> </HTML>

Answer

The given HTML code has the following errors:

  1. The <HEAD> ... </HEAD tag must be placed above the <BODY> tag.
  2. The <TITLE> tag is missing its opening tag.
  3. The ‘src’ attribute of <IMG> tag should be used to define the image file to be displayed.
  4. <BODY> tag is not closed i.e., </BODY> tag is missing.

The correct HTML code is as follows:

<HTML>
<HEAD> 
<TITLE> IMAGES </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BACKGROUND = "Red">
<IMG SRC = "abc.jpg"> HERE IS MY IMAGE FILE
</BODY> 
</HTML>

Question 7

Gaurav, a web designer in a company named “International Designers” has just created a webpage in which different sections of the webpage are linked and can be traversed by clicking on the text given as “Top”, “Middle”, and “Bottom”. Is it internal linking or external linking and why? Additionally, tell him about the suitable tag and its attribute(s) to open another webpage named ‘second.html’ by clicking on the text “Next”.

Answer

Gaurav has used internal linking to link different sections of the webpage such that they can be traversed by clicking on the text given as “Top”, “Middle”, and “Bottom”.

Internal linking involves creating links within the same website or webpage to navigate between different sections or pages of that same website or webpage. In this case, the links are used to move within the current webpage to different sections, so it is called internal linking.

Gaurav can use the anchor tag <A> tag with its attribute ‘href’ to open another webpage named ‘second.html’ by clicking on the text “Next”. He can use the following HTML code,

<A HREF = "second.html"> Next </A>

Chapter 5

Forms and Frames

 

 

 

 


Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

Which element sets up an area of the web page for a form?

  1. Input element
  2. Form element
  3. Checkbox element
  4. None of these

Answer

Form element

Reason — The form element sets up an area of the web page for a form.

Question 2

Which form elements can accept input from the user?

  1. Input
  2. GET
  3. POST
  4. None of these

Answer

Input

Reason — The Input form elements can accept input from the user.

Question 3

Which of the following code adds a text box on a form?

  1. <INPUT Type = "Text">
  2. <INPUT Type = "Textbox">
  3. <INPUT Type = "Box">
  4. None of these

Answer

<INPUT Type = "Text">

Reason — <INPUT Type = "Text"> adds a text box on a form.

Question 4

Which of the following buttons is used to clear the contents and set the values of all the form elements to their initial state?

  1. SUBMIT
  2. SEND
  3. RESET
  4. None of these

Answer

RESET

Reason — The RESET button is used to clear the contents and set the values of all the form elements to their initial state.

Question 5

Which tag is used to define a selection list in a form?

  1. <OPTION>
  2. <SELECT>
  3. <NAME>
  4. <SELECTION>

Answer

<SELECT>

Reason — <SELECT> tag is used to define a selection list in a form.

Question 6

CGI stands for ………….. .

  1. Computer Graphics Interface
  2. Common Gateway interface
  3. Collective Gateway Interchange
  4. Common Graphics Interface

Answer

Common Gateway interface

Reason — CGI stands for Common Gateway interface.

Question 7

Which of the following are the attributes of the <INPUT> tag?

  1. Value and Size
  2. Name and Length
  3. Type and Text
  4. None of these

Answer

Value and Size

Reason — Value and Size are the attributes of the <INPUT> tag. Value specifies the initial value for the element and Size specifies the width of the input field.

Question 8

Which attribute of the <INPUT> tag specifies that the input element should be preselected when the web page loads?

  1. Selected
  2. Checked
  3. Default
  4. None of these

Answer

Checked

Reason — Checked attribute of the <INPUT> tag specifies that the input element should be preselected when the web page loads.

Question 9

The …………… attribute of <INPUT> tag specifies the maximum number of characters for the input field.

  1. Size
  2. Length
  3. Maxsize
  4. Maxlength

Answer

Maxlength

Reason — The Maxlength attribute of <INPUT> tag specifies the maximum number of characters for the input field.

Question 10

Which attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag defines the width of the textarea?

  1. Rows
  2. Width
  3. Cols
  4. None of these

Answer

Cols

Reason — The Cols attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag defines the width of the textarea.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

A Form is a collection of …………… of information on a page.

Answer

A Form is a collection of fields of information on a page.

Question 2

A …………… allows a user to enter alphanumeric data that is a combination of characters and numbers.

Answer

Textbox allows a user to enter alphanumeric data that is a combination of characters and numbers.

Question 3

A …………… is like a toggle switch, which helps the user to select or deselect one or more than one items.

Answer

Checkbox is like a toggle switch, which helps the user to select or deselect one or more than one items.

Question 4

When the user has to make a selection among the several possible options, …………… buttons are used.

Answer

When the user has to make a selection among the several possible options, Radio buttons are used.

Question 5

…………… programs are required to process the information present in a form.

Answer

CGI programs are required to process the information present in a form.

Question 6

Two important attributes to set up a form are …………… and …………… .

Answer

Two important attributes to set up a form are Action and Method.

Question 7

The default value of Method attribute is …………… .

Answer

The default value of Method attribute is Get.

Question 8

The …………… attribute of form specifies the file/page that the form is submitted to.

Answer

The Action attribute of form specifies the file/page that the form is submitted to.

Question 9

The …………… attribute of <INPUT> tag specifies the initial value for the field.

Answer

The Value attribute of <INPUT> tag specifies the initial value for the field.

Question 10

The …………… tag is used along with the <SELECT> tag to display a list of options.

Answer

The <OPTION> tag is used along with the <SELECT> tag to display a list of options.

State True or False

Question 1

A drop-down list displays a list of options from which the user can select an item.

Answer

True

Reason — A drop-down list displays a list of options from which the user can select an item.

Question 2

Radio button is a toggle switch used to select or deselect one or more items.

Answer

False

Reason — Radio button is a toggle switch used to select only one item out of many given items.

Question 3

Forms can be classified into three sections.

Answer

True

Reason — Forms can be classified into three sections —

  1. Form Header
  2. Input Fields
  3. Action Buttons

Question 4

The Input element sets up an area for a form on the web page.

Answer

False

Reason — The Input elements are the form elements that can accept input from the user.

Question 5

Generally, we require one element to create a form in HTML.

Answer

False

Reason — Generally, we require two elements to create a form in HTML —

  1. The Form element
  2. The Input element

Question 6

The Button element creates button controls.

Answer

False

Reason — The Input element with Type attribute as ‘Submit’ or ‘Reset’ creates button controls.

Question 7

The Label element is used to describe the Form controls.

Answer

True

Reason — The Label element is used to describe the Form controls.

Question 8

The <INPUT> tag is used to create multi-line text box.

Answer

False

Reason — The <TEXTAREA> tag is used to create multi-line text box.

Question 9

Maxlength attribute specifies the width of the input field.

Answer

False

Reason — Maxlength attribute specifies the maximum number of characters that the user can enter into the input field.

Question 10

The <OPTION> tag is used with an <INPUT> tag to display a list of options.

Answer

False

Reason — The <OPTION> tag is used with a <SELECT> tag to display a list of options.

Question 11

Rows attribute defines the height of the Textarea.

Answer

True

Reason — Rows attribute defines the height of the Textarea.

Answer in One Word or a Sentence

Question 1

Which Input attribute of HTML form specifies the initial value to the field?

Answer

Value

Question 2

Which button is used to clear the contents of a form?

Answer

Reset

Question 3

Which form control allows a user to make a selection of only one option among the several possible options?

Answer

Radio Button

Question 4

Which attribute is used to preselect Checkbox?

Answer

Checked attribute

Question 5

Name the form control which acts like a toggle switch which helps the user to select or deselect more than one item.

Answer

Checkbox

Question 6

Name the attribute used to indicate that the choice in a drop-down list is preselected.

Answer

Selected attribute

Question 7

Which attribute of the drop-down list is used to add a scroll feature to it?

Answer

Size

Question 8

Name the entity used to select multiple options from the items displayed in a list.

Answer

Multiple

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1

Name the attributes which are used with the <INPUT> tag.

Answer

The attributes which are used with the <INPUT> tag are:

  1. Type
  2. Name
  3. Value
  4. Size
  5. Maxlength

Question 2

Which tag helps in creating a drop-down list on a form area?

Answer

The <SELECT> tag along with the <OPTION> tag is used to create a drop-down list on a form area.

Question 3

Which attribute of <INPUT> tag specifies what type of form control will be added to the form area?

Answer

The ‘type’ attribute of <INPUT> tag determines the type of form control that will be added to the form area

Question 4

Which tag adds a multi-line text box on the form area?

Answer

The <TEXTAREA> tag adds a multi-line text box on the form area.

Question 5

A form is divided into how many sections?

Answer

A form can be divided into three sections:

  1. Form Header
  2. Input Fields
  3. Action Buttons

Question 6

What is the purpose of a password field?

Answer

The purpose of a password field is to securely input and hide confidential information like passwords or PINs by displaying dots or asterisks instead of the actual data.

Question 7

What is the purpose of a scroll bar added with a combo box?

Answer

A scroll bar added to a combo box indicates that there are more elements in the list and helps to navigate through this longer list of options.

Question 8

How can you select multiple options from the items displayed in a list?

Answer

We can select multiple options from the items displayed in a list by using the entity “multiple”. The Ctrl or Shift keys are used to select more than one element from the list.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1

What do you understand by the Method attribute? Differentiate between the Get method and the Post method.

Answer

The Method attribute specifies that the form information should be posted to the URL given in the action attribute. Possible values are GET and POST.

Differences between the Get method and the Post method are:

S.
No.
Get MethodPost Method
1.Form data is sent as part of URL.Form data is sent as part of request body.
2.Less data can be sent compared to Post method.More data can be sent compared to Get method.
3.Less secure.More secure.
4.Can be bookmarked.Cannot be bookmarked.

Question 2

Explain any two input elements.

Answer

Two input elements are as follows:

  1. Text Box — A text box allows a user to enter alphanumeric data that is a combination of characters and numbers. It creates a single line text box. We can add a text box to the form in the following way:
    Syntax: <INPUT Type= "Text">
  2. Checkbox — A checkbox is like a toggle switch which helps the user to select or deselect one or more items. We have to type the label next to the checkbox.
    Syntax: <INPUT Type = "Checkbox" Name = "Hobbies" Value = "Reading">

The below example shows the usage of textbox and checkbox in a form:

<HTML>
<BODY>
<FORM>
<P>
NAME : 
<INPUT TYPE = "TEXT">
</P>
<P>
CHOOSE YOUR QUALIFICATION : <BR>
<INPUT TYPE = "CHECKBOX" NAME = "C1" VALUE = "GRADUATE">
GRADUATE <BR>
<INPUT TYPE = "CHECKBOX" NAME = "C2" VALUE = "POSTGRADUATE" >
POST GRADUATE
</P>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 3

Differentiate between:

  1. Radio Button and Checkbox
  2. Submit Button and Reset Button

Answer

1. Differences between Radio Button and Checkbox:

S.
No.
Radio ButtonCheckbox
1.Radio buttons are used when we want users to select only one option from a set of choices.Checkboxes are used when we want users to select multiple options from a list.
2.Radio buttons are typically represented as small circles or dots, and users can select only one of them at a time.Checkboxes are typically represented as small square boxes with a check mark inside them.
3.Selecting one option automatically deselects any previously selected option within the same group.Users can check or uncheck checkboxes independently.

2. Differences between Submit Button and Reset Button:

S.
No.
Submit ButtonReset Button
1.Submit button is used to send the data entered in the form to the server for processing.A reset button is used to clear or reset the contents of a form, reverting all form fields back to their default or initial values.
2.It is defined as follows:
<INPUT Type = "Submit" Value = "SEND">
It is defined as follows:
<INPUT Type = "Reset" Value = "RESET">

Question 4

Write a short note on the application areas of forms.

Answer

Forms have diverse application areas which include the following:

  1. Educational sites — They are used for collecting names, addresses, telephone numbers, e-mail addresses, and other information of students which is required by the websites to register them for an online course.
  2. Online shopping — They are used for gathering information for the purchase of an item. For example, if we want to purchase a book or any other item over the Internet, we would be required to fill in our name, mailing address, mode of payment that we wish to opt for, and so on.
  3. Online Feedback Forms — They are used for collecting feedback about a website. Most websites that offer a service encourage the users to send their feedback. Apart from building customer relations, it is a source of information for modifications or improvements.
  4. Providing Interface for a Chat Session — Users are required to fill out a form if they want to participate in a chat session or a discussion group.

Question 5

Define the following attributes associated with the <INPUT> tag:

i. Type

ii. Value

iii. Size

Answer

i. Type — This attribute specifies what kind of form control will be added to the form. The default type for an input element is “Text”. Type attribute can take different values like “Text”, “Checkbox”, “Radio” or “Password”.

ii. Value — It specifies the initial value for the element.

iii. Size — It specifies the width of the input field.

Question 6

Describe the Cols attribute and Rows attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag.

Answer

Rows attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag defines the height of the textarea and Cols attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag defines the width of the text area.

Consider the following example,

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Using text area</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM>
Remarks : <TEXTAREA ROWS = "6" COLS = "50" NAME = "REMARKS">
Enter your remarks here. </TEXTAREA>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Shagun wants to customize the width and height of the textarea in her form. How can she do it?

Answer

Shagun can use the Rows and Cols attribute of the <TEXTAREA> tag to customize the width and height of the textarea in her form. Rows attribute defines the height of the textarea, and Cols attribute defines the width of the text area. Example code for customizing the width and height of the textarea is:

<TEXTAREA ROWS = "6" COLS = "50" NAME = "REMARKS">
Enter your remarks here.
</TEXTAREA>

Question 2

Write the HTML code to create the following form elements:

Write the HTML code to create the form elements. Forms and Frames, Computer Applications Code 165 Kips Cyber Beans Solutions CBSE Class 10.

Answer

HTML code to create the form elements is given below:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Pizza Selection</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM>
Pizza Size : <BR>
<INPUT TYPE = "RADIO" ID = "R1" NAME = "SIZE" VALUE = "SMALL" />
<LABEL FOR = "R1"> Small </LABEL> 
<BR>
<INPUT TYPE = "RADIO" ID = "R2" NAME = "SIZE" VALUE = "MEDIUM" CHECKED/>
<LABEL FOR = "R2"> Medium </LABEL> 
<BR>
<INPUT TYPE = "RADIO" ID = "R3" NAME = "SIZE" VALUE = "LARGE" /> 
<LABEL FOR = "R3"> Large </LABEL> 
<BR>
<INPUT TYPE = "SUBMIT" NAME = "Process Order" VALUE = "Click to order Pizza" /> 
<INPUT TYPE = "RESET" NAME = "Clear" VALUE = "Click to Clear" /> 
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Question 3

In the examination, Suparna has been asked to write the code for placing a drop-down list in the form area. She is also asked to indicate any one of the menu items as preselected. Help her in solving the problem.

Answer

Suparna can use the selected attribute with the <OPTION> tag to indicate that one of the menu items is preselected.

Consider the following example in which the user has to select his destination. Here, the option “Chandigarh” is pre-selected.

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Drop-down Example</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY> 
<FORM>
<P> Select your destination: </P>
<SELECT Name = "Cities">
<OPTION Selected> Chandigarh</OPTION>
<OPTION> Kolkata </OPTION>
<OPTION> Bhopal </OPTION>
<OPTION> Lucknow </OPTION>
<OPTION> Patna </OPTION>
<OPTION> Shimla </OPTION>
<OPTION> Delhi </OPTION>
<OPTION> Mumbai </OPTION>
<OPTION> Chennai </OPTION>
</SELECT>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Chapter 6

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

 

 

 

 


Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following web pages are loaded on the client’s browser exactly in the same way as they are stored on the web server?

  1. Dynamic
  2. Static
  3. HTML
  4. None of these

Answer

Static

Reason — Static web pages are loaded on the client’s browser exactly in the same way as they are stored on the web server.

Question 2

Which of the following programming language is used to create dynamic web pages?

  1. C
  2. Visual Basic
  3. ASP
  4. None of these

Answer

ASP

Reason — ASP is used to create dynamic web pages.

Question 3

The full form of DHTML is …………… .

  1. Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language
  2. Definite Hypertext Markup Language
  3. Designing Hypertext Markup Language
  4. None of these

Answer

Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language

Reason — The full form of DHTML is Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language.

Question 4

The full form of CSS is …………… .

  1. Cascading Spread Sheet
  2. Control Spread Sheet
  3. Cascading Style Sheet
  4. None of these

Answer

Cascading Style Sheet

Reason — The full form of CSS is Cascading Style Sheet.

Question 5

A …………… is the name of the HTML element to which a style is applied.

  1. Tag
  2. Element
  3. Selector
  4. None of these

Answer

Selector

Reason — A Selector is the name of the HTML element to which a style is applied.

Question 6

Name the selector that works like a wild card character and is used to match and apply a style to all the elements on a web page.

  1. Wild card
  2. Universal
  3. Static
  4. None of these

Answer

Universal

Reason — The Universal selector works like a wild card character and is used to match and apply a style to all the elements on a web page.

Question 7

Which one of the following is a correct statement?

  1. h1 {font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial;color:red}
  2. h1 {font weight; bold; fontfamily: Arial; color: red}
  3. h1 {font-weight; bold; font-family;Arial;color;red
  4. None of these

Answer

h1 {font-weight:bold; font-family:Arial;color:red}

Reason — This above statement specifies that the text within <h1> elements should have a bold font-weight, use the Arial font family, and have red text color. The format with a colon (:) is used to assign property-value pairs in CSS. Options 2 and 3 have incorrect syntax with missing colons and semicolons, making them invalid CSS statements. Option 4 is not applicable because option 1 is the correct statement.

Question 8

Which tag is used to create an embedded or internal style sheet?

  1. Color>
  2. <Style
  3. <Type>
  4. <PRE>

Answer

<Style

Reason — Embedded or internal style sheet is created using the <Style></Style> tag.

Question 9

Which of the following characters are used to add comments in CSS?

  1. #
  2. <!--
  3. //
  4. None of these

Answer

None of these

Reason — In CSS, comments are placed between /* and */.

Question 10

Which property is generally applied to blocks of text (h1, p,th,td,etc.) and is used to align the text of a document.

  1. Text-align: value
  2. Letter-align: value
  3. Background-align: value
  4. None of these

Answer

Text-align: value

Reason — Text-align: value property is generally applied to blocks of text (h1, p,th,td,etc.) and is used to align the text of a document.

Question 11

Which property helps you to set the border style of an HTML element?

  1. Style
  2. border-color
  3. border-width
  4. None of these

Answer

Style

Reason — Style property helps us to set the border style of an HTML element.

Question 12

Which one of the following is not a DHTML component?

  1. HTML
  2. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
  3. C++
  4. None of these

Answer

C++

Reason — C++ is not a DHTML component. HTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are DHTML components.

Question 13

Which one of the following is the default value of border style?

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. none
  4. None of these

Answer

none

Reason — The default value of border style is ‘none’.

Question 14

Select the correct statement from the options given below.

  1. Body background-color:#F5A9A9; color; Black
  2. Body[background-color:#F5A9A9; color: Black]
  3. Body(background-color:#F5A9A9; color : Black)
  4. None of these

Answer

None of these

Reason — None of the statements follows the correct syntax to define a rule in CSS which is as follows:

selector {property1: value ; property2: value ; }

Question 15

Which property is used to set the size of a font?

  1. Font-size
  2. Font-style
  3. Font
  4. None of these

Answer

Font-size

Reason — Font-size property is used to set the size of a font.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

A …………… size sets the font size relative to surrounding elements.

Answer

relative size sets the font size relative to surrounding elements.

Question 2

…………… helps in creating dynamic web pages that are interactive, animated, and responsive to the user’s actions.

Answer

DHTML helps in creating dynamic web pages that are interactive, animated, and responsive to the user’s actions.

Question 3

Dynamic web pages can be created by using ……………, …………… or …………… .

Answer

Dynamic web pages can be created by using ASPPHP or DHTML.

Question 4

The application of DHTML was introduced by Microsoft with the release of Internet Explorer 4 in year …………… .

Answer

The application of DHTML was introduced by Microsoft with the release of Internet Explorer 4 in year 1997.

Question 5

……………. is a set of style sheet design principles that determines the visual layout of the content of a web page.

Answer

CSS is a set of style sheet design principles that determines the visual layout of the content of a web page.

Question 6

The ……………. defines the logical structure of a webpage.

Answer

The DOM (Document Object Model) defines the logical structure of a webpage.

Question 7

Cascading Style Sheets is a collection of rules called ……………. that affect the visual appearance of a web page.

Answer

Cascading Style Sheets is a collection of rules called styles that affect the visual appearance of a web page.

Question 8

CSS allows the web designers to specify the web page formatting options through a ……………. while keeping HTML markup considerably simple.

Answer

CSS allows the web designers to specify the web page formatting options through a Style Sheet while keeping HTML markup considerably simple.

Question 9

CSS can store web applications locally with the help of an ……………. .

Answer

CSS can store web applications locally with the help of an Offline cache.

Question 10

You cannot define ……………. and ……………. in CSS.

Answer

You cannot define variables and functions in CSS.

Question 11

A CSS comprises of ……………. that are interpreted by the browser and then applied to the corresponding elements in your document.

Answer

A CSS comprises of Style rules that are interpreted by the browser and then applied to the corresponding elements in your document.

Question 12

In CSS, properties can be applied to individual elements using an ……………. .

Answer

In CSS, properties can be applied to individual elements using an ID selector.

Question 13

The file which contains the style code is saved with the extension ……………. .

Answer

The file which contains the style code is saved with the extension .css.

Question 14

The ……………. property sets the text font in two variants: normal or small-caps.

Answer

The Font-variant property sets the text font in two variants: normal or small-caps.

Question 15

The ……………. property is used to transform the appearance of text into different cases, like uppercase, lowercase, or to capitalise the first letter of each word.

Answer

The Text-Transform property is used to transform the appearance of text into different cases, like uppercase, lowercase, or to capitalise the first letter of each word.

State True or False

Question 1

You may need to specify the path of .css file if the file does not exist in the same folder as that of your .html file.

Answer

True

Reason — We need to specify the path of .css file if the file does not exist in the same folder as that of our .html file.

Question 2

Href points to the external style sheet file’s URL.

Answer

True

Reason — Href points to the external style sheet file’s URL.

Question 3

Generic-family is group of family names that have uniform appearances.

Answer

True

Reason — Generic families are groups of family names that have uniform appearances. For example, Cursive, Monospace, Sans-Serif, etc.

Question 4

Font-weight property specifies the height or width of the font.

Answer

False

Reason — Font-weight property specifies the weight or boldness of the font.

Question 5

The unit em makes the font absolute.

Answer

False

Reason — The em unit is defined relatively to the current font size. For example, 0.5 em is half the current font size.

Question 6

The text-indent property controls the appearance of text on a web page.

Answer

False

Reason — The text-indent property indents the first line in a block of text where it is specified.

Question 7

The color property is used to set the colour of the text.

Answer

True

Reason — The color property is used to set the colour of the text.

Question 8

Line-height property is used to specify the space between characters.

Answer

False

Reason — Line-height property is used to specify the space between the lines of text.

Question 9

You can assign negative values to the Line-height property.

Answer

False

Reason — We cannot assign negative values to the Line-height property as lines cannot be displayed on top of one another.

Question 10

Line spacing property is used to give additional space between text.

Answer

False

Reason — Word spacing and Letter spacing properties are used to give additional space between text.

Question 11

The background property in CSS allows you to control the background of any element.

Answer

True

Reason — The background property in CSS allows us to control the background of any element.

Question 12

The Margin property is used to define the distance from each side to the sides of the neighbouring elements of the document.

Answer

True

Reason — The Margin property is used to define the distance from each side to the sides of the neighbouring elements of the document.

Theoretical Questions

Question 1

What are the different components of DHTML?

Answer

The different components of DHTML are as follows:

  1. HTML — HyperText Markup Language defines the basic structure of a web page by using the essential elements, such as paragraphs, headings, forms, tables, and links.
  2. Cascading Style Sheets — CSS is a set of style sheet design principles that determines the visual layout of the content of a web page.
  3. Scripting — It provides a way to interpret the user’s actions and accordingly brings changes to a web page.
  4. Document object Model — The DOM defines the logical structure of a web page.

Question 2

Differentiate between Static and Dynamic web pages.

Answer

S.
No.
Static web pagesDynamic web pages
1.In static web pages, the contents of the web pages remains fixed or unchanging. These web pages are loaded on the client’s browser exactly in the same way as they are stored on the web server.A dynamic web page is created upon user request, displaying unique content based on interactions. Each view is tailored to the user and exist only for that moment.
2.A user can only read the information but cannot make any modifications or interact with the data.Dynamic web page is an Interactive web page that is highly functional and users can interact with it.
3.Static web pages are created by using only HTML.Dynamic web pages can be created by using ASP, PHP, or DHTML.

Question 3

How can we set the margins for an element?

Answer

We can specify the margin for all the sides of an element in one single declaration by using the Margin shorthand property.

Syntax — Margin : top-value right-value bottom-value left-value where value can be length or percentage or ‘auto’.

For example, to define the margins for <P> element, we will use the following rule:

P {margin: 20px 40px 60px 80px}

Question 4

What does Cascading imply in CSS? Support your answer with an example.

Answer

Cascading means the hierarchical order in which different style sheet types are arranged so that the latest style sheet takes the precedence on the earlier ones. Consider the example given below:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<STYLE> P{Color: red} </STYLE>
<STYLE> P{Color: blue} </STYLE>
<STYLE> P{Color:green} </STYLE>
</HEAD> 
<BODY Bgcolor = "Lightyellow">
<H1> Tiger Reserves in lndia </H1>
<P> Jim Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttarakhand </P>
<P> Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan </P>
<P> Sunderban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal </P>
<P> Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh </P>
<P> Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan </P>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Here, the first definition specifying the <P> colour as red precedes the second definition, which defines the blue colour for <P>, and this, in turn, precedes the third definition, which specifies the green colour for <P>. The definition at the bottom will take precedence, and the paragraph will appear in green colour.

Question 5

Differentiate between External style sheets and Internal style sheets.

Answer

Differences between External and Internal style sheets are listed below:

S.
No.
External style sheetsInternal style sheets
1.These style sheets are separate .css files.These style sheets are within the HTML document.
2.The CSS file is linked using <link> tag.The style sheet is placed within <style> tags in the <head> section of HTML.
3.It can be used across multiple HTML pages.Its use is limited to a single HTML document.
4.It results in smaller HTML files since styles are in a separate file.It results in larger HTML files as styles are embedded.
5.It is easier to maintain and update styles across multiple pages.Changes require editing each HTML file.

Question 6

Scripting makes the web page dynamic. Explain.

Answer

Scripting is one of the components of DHTML. It makes a web page dynamic. It provides a way to interpret the user’s actions and accordingly brings changes to a web page. For example, scripts can interpret the mouse actions (such as clicking or entering a value in a textbox) and respond to that action by using a set of predefined instructions (such as opening a page).

JavaScript is the standard language for creating cross-browser DHTML pages. It uses various scripting techniques to detect the browser that the user is using and accordingly executes the code, intended for that browser.

Question 7

Differentiate between the Font-weight and Font-variant properties.

Answer

S.
No.
Font-weight propertyFont-variant property
1.This property specifies the weight or boldness of the font. Possible values are 100-900, bold, bolder, lighter, and normal.This property sets the text font in two variants: normal or small-caps.
2.For example,
H1 {Font-weight : bolder}
For example,
H1 {Font-variant : small-caps;}

Question 8

Explain the purpose of using the shorthand Margin property.

Answer

We can specify the margins of all sides of an element in one single declaration by using the Margin shorthand property.

The syntax for shorthand Margin property is as follows:

Margin : top-value right-value bottom-value left-value;

where value = length | percentage | auto

For example, to define the margins for the <P> element, we will use the following rule:

P {margin: 20px 40px 60px 80px}

Question 9

How will you add padding space to all the four sides of an element?

Answer

We can use the Padding property to add padding space to all the four sides of an element. The syntax for Padding property is as follows:

padding-side : value;

where side = top / right / bottom / left

and value = length | percentage

For example, to add padding to a <P> element, we use the following code:

P   {
Padding-top : 20px;
Padding-right : 40px;
Padding-bottom : 20px;
Padding-left : 40px;
}

Question 10

Identify the errors in the codes below and write the correct code:

  1. import url (style_imp.css)

  2. <STYLE> p{color:808080} </STYLE>

  3. <p style= “text:align: justify”>

  4. P {font: arial 15px sans-serif;}

  5. {p-color:red;}

Answer

  1. import url (style_imp.css)
    The syntax of import statement is incorrect. It must be preceded by an ‘@’ symbol and the terminator symbol ‘;’ is also missing at the end. Thus the correct code is as follows:
    @import url(style_imp.css);

  2. <STYLE> p{color:808080} </STYLE>
    If the value of Color property is given as a Hexadecimal value, it must begin with a ‘#’ symbol. The ‘ ; ‘ must be placed at the end of the value. Thus, the correct code is as follows:
    <STYLE> p{color:#808080;} </STYLE>

  3. <p style= “text:align: justify”>
    The name of the property is “text-align” and not “text:align”. The correct code is as follows:
    <p style= “text-align: justify;”>

  4. P {font: arial 15px sans-serif;}
    The order of values for font property should be in the following manner:
    Syntax : Font:Font-style Font-variant Font-weight Font-size Font-family;
    Thus, the correct code is as follows:
    P {font: 15px arial sans-serif;}

  5. {p-color:red;}
    The selector should be placed outside the parentheses. The correct code is as follows:
    P {color:red;}

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Harsh is working on a client’s project which requires him to add a picture on the top left part of the web page. While adding the picture, Harsh realised that the picture is being repeated multiple times. Suggest the property and its value to Harsh that can be used to stop the image from getting repeated.

Answer

To prevent an image from repeating on a web page, Harsh can use the background-repeat property in CSS. He should set this property to “no-repeat” to ensure that the image is displayed only once and not repeated. He can use the following code:

background-repeat: no-repeat;

Question 2

Ruby has written the following code to shift a background image to the bottom-right corner of the page. The code however is not giving the desired result. Help her in finding a solution to the problem.

<body style= "background-image: url (C:/Desktop/image-3.jpg);
background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 45% 90%; 
background-color: #cccccc"; >

Answer

Ruby can change the value of ‘background-position’ property from ‘45% 90%’ to ‘bottom right’. She can write the following code to shift a background image to the bottom-right corner of the page.

<body style= "background-image: url(C:/Desktop/image-3.jpg);
background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: bottom right;
background-color: #cccccc;" >

Question 3

Namrata has written some style rules using the embedded style sheet method, but the effects are not getting applied on the elements. Instead the rules are getting displayed as such on the screen. What can be the possible reason? Suggest her some solution for the same.

Answer

One of the possible reasons for such a problem can be browser compatibility. Namrata may be using an older browser which doesn’t support CSS.

Two ways in which the problem can be fixed are as follows:

  1. Namrata can switch to a browser which supports CSS.
  2. She should wrap the style sheet code within HTML comments:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Embedding Style Sheets</TITLE>
<STYLE Type = "text/css">
<!--
...
style rules
...
-->
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
</HTML>

Question 4

Diya wants to display all the text on her web page in blue colour with font size 3. Suggest Diya, which selector she should use to achieve the same.

Answer

To display all the text on her web page in blue color with a font size of 3, Diya should use the universal selector ‘ * ‘. The universal selector selects all elements on the page, and she can then apply the desired styles to them in the following way:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<STYLE Type = "text/css">
*
{
Color:blue;
Font-size: 3;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>Universal Selector</H1>
<P>Using Universal Selector in CSS</P>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Chapter 7

Cyberethics

 

 

 

 


Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following is not a form of software piracy?

  1. Softlifting
  2. Counterfeiting
  3. Hard Disk Loading
  4. Encrypting

Answer

Encrypting

Reason — Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable code. It is not a form of software piracy. Softlifting, counterfeiting and hard disk loading are forms of software piracy.

Question 2

…………… is the process of transforming data into an unreadable code.

  1. Copyright
  2. Trademark
  3. Encryption
  4. Information Security

Answer

Encryption

Reason — Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable code.

Question 3

…………… refers to flooding the user’s inbox with unwanted advertisements and messages.

  1. Spamming
  2. Virus
  3. Hacking
  4. Patent

Answer

Spamming

Reason — Spamming refers to flooding the user’s inbox with unwanted advertisements and messages.

Question 4

The right which is concerned with the design and algorithm of the product rather than the entire product is called …………… .

  1. Copyright
  2. Patent
  3. Trademark
  4. Data Protection Law

Answer

Patent

Reason — The right which is concerned with the design and algorithm of the product rather than the entire product is called Patent.

Question 5

E-commerce stands for …………… .

  1. Electrical Commerce
  2. Electronic commerce
  3. Ethical Commerce
  4. None of these

Answer

Electronic commerce

Reason — E-commerce stands for Electronic commerce.

Question 6

When someone else uses your online identity to create fraudulent messages or commit crimes, it is known as …………… .

  1. Identity theft
  2. Cyber theft
  3. E-commerce fraud
  4. Piracy

Answer

Identity theft

Reason — When someone else uses your online identity to create fraudulent messages or commit crimes, it is known as identity theft.

Question 7

…………… is defined as the right to control what happens with your personal information.

  1. Pretexting
  2. Privacy
  3. Piracy
  4. Patent

Answer

Privacy

Reason — Privacy is defined as the right to control what happens with your personal information.

Question 8

…………… licences are a family of permissive free software licences.

  1. MIT
  2. Apache
  3. GNU
  4. BSD

Answer

BSD

Reason — BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution) licences are a family of permissive free software licences.

Question 9

…………… software is a copyrighted software.

  1. Private
  2. Proprietary
  3. Privacy
  4. Protective

Answer

Proprietary

Reason — Proprietary software is a copyrighted software.

Question 10

…………… Rights refer to intellectual property rights given to persons over the digital property created by them.

  1. Cyber
  2. Privacy
  3. Legal
  4. Digital Property

Answer

Digital Property

Reason — Digital Property Rights refer to intellectual property rights given to persons over the digital property created by them.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

…………… is a system of moral principles that differentiates between good and bad practices.

Answer

Ethics is a system of moral principles that differentiates between good and bad practices.

Question 2

…………… to practice ethical code of conduct constitutes fraud.

Answer

Failure to practice ethical code of conduct constitutes fraud.

Question 3

…………… is a technique used to retrieve personal information of a user from his discarded documents.

Answer

DumpsterDiving is a technique used to retrieve personal information of a user from his discarded documents.

Question 4

…………… is stealing confidential, personal, and financial information from a computer or a mobile phone and misusing it to harm the user.

Answer

Cyber theft is stealing confidential, personal, and financial information from a computer or a mobile phone and misusing it to harm the user.

Question 5

…………… is obtaining personal information through direct observation by looking over a person’s shoulder.

Answer

Shoulder Surfing is obtaining personal information through direct observation by looking over a person’s shoulder.

Question 6

HTTPS Protocol encrypts the information or data using a …………… certificate.

Answer

HTTPS Protocol encrypts the information or data using a Transport Layer Security (TLS) certificate.

Question 7

…………… software are computer programs which identify, prevent, and remove viruses from our computer.

Answer

Antivirus software are computer programs which identify, prevent, and remove viruses from our computer.

Question 8

Encrypted data is referred to as …………… text.

Answer

Encrypted data is referred to as Cipher text.

Question 9

When the same sentence structure is used with synonyms for the appropriate words of the sentence, it is called …………… plagiarism.

Answer

When the same sentence structure is used with synonyms for the appropriate words of the sentence, it is called Mosaic plagiarism.

Question 10

The simplest way to prevent plagiarism is the …………… method.

Answer

The simplest way to prevent plagiarism is the Citation method.

State True or False

Question 1

Plagiarism may occur due to a lack of interest in one’s work.

Answer

True

Reason — Lack of interest in one’s work is a factor contributing to plagiarism.

Question 2

Piracy is concerned with personal information.

Answer

False

Reason — Software Piracy refers to theft of software through illegal copying of genuine programs or counterfeiting and circulation of products which are duplicate copies of the original.

Question 3

Patent for innovations is an Industrial property.

Answer

True

Reason — Industrial Property includes trademarks, patents for innovations, industrial design rights, and geographical indications (GI) of source.

Question 4

We should never share our password and PIN number with unauthorised personnels.

Answer

True

Reason — We should never share our password and PIN number with unauthorised personnels as it may lead to crimes like identity theft.

Question 5

Encryption is the process of transforming data into a readable code.

Answer

False

Reason — Encryption is the process of transforming data into an unreadable code.

Question 6

The Internet offers us convenient ways to shop from our homes or offices for almost everything.

Answer

True

Reason — The Internet offers us online stores and websites to shop from our homes or offices for almost everything.

Question 7

Good ethics means that the company provides the most reliable information about products or services.

Answer

True

Reason — Good ethics in business involve being honest, transparent, and providing reliable and accurate information to customers about products or services. This prioritizes integrity, trustworthiness, and customer well-being.

Question 8

Doing business legally and ethically only benefits the customers and not the company.

Answer

False

Reason — Legal and ethical business practices create a win-win situation where both customers and the company benefit from a positive and sustainable business environment.

Question 9

Renting means unauthorised sharing of software for temporary use for some nominal charges.

Answer

True

Reason — Renting means unauthorised sharing of software for temporary use for some nominal charges.

Question 10

Apache licence version 2.0 is an open source software licence.

Answer

True

Reason — Apache licence version 2.0 is an open source software licence.

Answer in One word or a Sentence

Question 1

Successful security solutions require a convergence of three components. Name these components.

Answer

The components are:

  1. Technology
  2. People
  3. Processes

Question 2

What are the most common forms of identification and authentication.

Answer

Identification → Username
Authentication → Password

Question 3

Name the process of transforming data into an unreadable code.

Answer

Encryption

Question 4

Name the term for any digital information related to you or created by you, which may be stored online?

Answer

Digital property

Question 5

Which type of licences offer users the right to run, study, share, modify, and distribute copies and modified versions of the software with the condition that the same rights be preserved for its derivatives?

Answer

Copyleft licences

Question 6

What is the other name for literary theft?

Answer

Plagiarism

Question 7

Name the term used for the right to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas, through any media.

Answer

Freedom of expression

Question 8

Which type of software has no ownership or copyright associated with it?

Answer

Public-domain software

Question 9

Give the full form of BSD licences.

Answer

Berkeley Software Distribution

Question 10

When the user does not really understand how to properly paraphrase, quote, and cite the research, which type of plagiarism is he committing?

Answer

Accidental Plagiarism

Theoretical Questions

Question 1

What is fraud? Cite any two reasons why online fraud has been increasing.

Answer

Failure to practice ethical code of conduct constitutes fraud. Fraud means purposefully misrepresenting facts to deceive another person for personal gains.

Online fraud has been increasing because of the following two reasons:

  1. Ambiguity — Since the transaction does not happen face-to-face, the identity of the parties is easily concealed and is hard to verify.
  2. Hacking — It is relatively easy for hackers to steal information and fraudsters to buy that information in the online black market.

Question 2

Enlist any three netiquettes to be followed when online.

Answer

Three netiquettes to be followed when we are online are as follows:

  1. When communicating online, we should always begin our message with a salutation and end it with our name or signature.
  2. We should not read or forward another person’s mail without seeking his permission.
  3. We should treat others as we would like to be treated by others. We should not include sarcastic or insulting comments in our message and always respect other’s views and be courteous while posting our opinions on the online discussion groups.

Question 3

Define Plagiarism. Write any three steps to prevent plagiarism.

Answer

Plagiarism means using or imitating the language and thoughts of some other person and projecting that representation as to our original work.

Three steps to prevent plagiarism are:

  1. One must specify the source, which informs the reader about the basis of one’s ideas and the extent of one’s research.
  2. To avoid plagiarism, one should refer to several sources, understand the concept, and then pen down one’s understanding of the topic.
  3. One should use quotation marks around all the quoted words to avoid plagiarism.

Question 4

Define Identity theft.

Answer

Identity theft refers to an act of stealing someone’s personal information such as name, login details etc. and then posing as that person online. Malicious activities like fraudulent posts, rumour mongering, riots fueling, fraudulent financial transactions, etc. can be carried out through identity theft.

Question 5

What is the difference between an Open Source and Free software?

Answer

Differences between Open Source software and Free software:

S.
No.
Open Source SoftwareFree Software
1.Open source software refers to software whose source code is made available to the public, allowing anyone to view, use, modify, and distribute the code.Free software refers to software that respects users’ freedoms.
2.Open source emphasizes the practical benefits of transparency, collaboration, and the ability to modify and distribute software freely.Free software emphasizes the philosophical and ethical aspects of software freedom focusing on users’ rights to control and modify the software they use.
3.Open source software can be released under various licenses, some of which are more permissive like BSD, MIT, Apache 2.Free software adheres to specific licenses like the GNU General Public License (GPL) that ensures users’ freedoms.

Question 6

Explain the philosophy of Open Source. Enlist any four criteria that qualifies a program to be Open source software.

Answer

Open source is a philosophy that promotes the free access and distribution of an end product, usually software or a program. It may extend to the implementation and design of other products. Such software, generally, gives users the freedom to run the software for any purpose, to use and modify the software, and to redistribute copies of the original and modified versions to others. These permissions are enforced through an open source licence.

Four criteria that qualify a program to be Open source software are:

  1. Free Redistribution — There shall be no restriction on the sale or distribution of the software, partial or whole, and such a sale shall be free of any royalty charges or any other fee.
  2. Source Code — The distributed program must include the source code as well as its compiled form. In cases where it is not included, the source code must be easily accessible from public sources on the Internet.
  3. Derived Works — The licence must allow modifications and derived works. It must allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the licence of the original software.
  4. No Discrimination against Persons or Groups — The licence must not discriminate against any person or group of persons.

Question 7

What do you mean by Digital Property Rights?

Answer

Digital Property Rights refer to intellectual property rights given to persons over the digital property created by them. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a specific period.

Question 8

Mention any three ways to bridge the digital divide.

Answer

Three ways to bridge the digital divide are:

  1. The government should conduct awareness camps and classes for the elderly to address their hesitation of using information technology.
  2. All the government institutes must be encouraged to propose various computer courses at nominal fees.
  3. The government should provide Internet access to the remotest parts of the country.

Question 9

What is Proprietary software? Mention three features of proprietary software.

Answer

Proprietary software is a copyrighted software. This software may not be freely used, modified, distributed, and is restricted by conditions predefined by its publisher, vendor, or developer.

Three features of Proprietary Software are:

  1. It is primarily a commercial software.
  2. It does not provide its source code.
  3. It can be purchased or licenced for a fee.

Question 10

What do you mean by copyleft licences?

Answer

Copyleft licences offer users the right to run, study, share, modify, and distribute copies and modified versions of the software with the condition that the same rights be preserved for its derivatives. Copyleft licences require that the source code must be made available to the recipients. For example, GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), Eclipse Public Licence (EPL), Common Development and Distribution Licence (CDDL) etc.

Application Based Questions

Question 1

Asmita belongs to an affluent family, and she wants to do something to bridge the digital divide in her community. What can she do at an individual level to bring this change?

Answer

Asmita can take the following steps at an individual level to bridge the digital divide in her community:

  1. She can provide unused or older digital devices like smartphones or laptops to those who can’t afford them.
  2. She can collaborate with local ISPs or organizations to sponsor affordable or free internet access for underserved areas.
  3. She can organize workshops to teach digital skills, such as basic computer literacy and internet usage, to community members.
  4. She can enhance local libraries with computers and internet connectivity for public use.
  5. She can fund scholarships or educational programs that focus on digital literacy and technology training.

Question 2

Abhay is going to make his first Online purchase. How should his parents guide to make him aware of the common e-commerce frauds? List the steps to prevent him from becoming a victim.

Answer

Abhay’s parents should make him aware of the common e-commerce frauds by educating him about the various kinds of e-commerce frauds which are as follows:

  1. Misleading Product Listing
  2. Selling Counterfeit Products
  3. Unfriendly Return Policy
  4. Fraudulent Payment

Abhay can take the following steps to prevent him from becoming a victim of e-commerce fraud:

  1. Always use secured Internet connection and not a public Wi-Fi while purchasing something.
  2. Keep one’s antivirus software up-to-date.
  3. Ensure the e-commerce website uses encryption protocol certificates like TLS and SSL. Check that the lock icon is present in the address bar, and the URL has an ‘https’, before entering payment details into any website.
  4. Never give personal and credit cards details over the phone.
  5. Read the Website’s Refund Policy carefully.
  6. Look for grammatical errors because phishing websites often have grammatical errors in their text.
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